橡胶草(TKS)对铅镉污染农田土壤的修复潜力  

Remediation Potential of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin on Lead and Cadmium Contaminated Farmland Soil

作　　者：张恒 熊明彪 王乾鑫 孙博文 饶逸驰 程章 徐小逊 杨占彪 鲜骏仁 朱雪梅 杨绍平[2] 杨远祥 ZHANG Heng;XIONG Ming-biao;WANG Qian-xin;SUN Bo-wen;RAO Yi-chi;CHENG Zhang;XU Xiao-xun;YANG Zhan-biao;XIAN Jun-ren;ZHU Xue-mei;YANG Shao-ping;YANG Yuan-xiang(College of Environmental Sciences,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Water Conservancy College,Chengdu 611231,China;Sichuan Technology Business College,Dujiangyan 611830,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学环境学院,成都611130 [2]四川水利职业技术学院,成都611231 [3]四川工商职业技术学院,都江堰611830

出　　处：《环境科学》2022年第8期4253-4261,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：成都水生态文明建设研究重点基地项目(2018SST-14);四川省水利厅2020研究项目(CSK2020011)。

摘　　要：橡胶草(TKS)是一种可作为天然橡胶原料的能源植物.为研究橡胶草对铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)污染农田土壤的修复潜力,通过人工控制性盆栽试验,以相关标准的风险筛选值和管制值为区间,施以4种浓度Pb和Cd复合胁迫处理,探讨橡胶草对Pb和Cd的富集及耐性特征.结果表明,随着土壤中Pb和Cd含量增加,橡胶草的叶绿素含量和生物量均逐渐降低,SOD、 POD和CAT酶活性逐渐升高.Cd富集系数和转运系数在1.20~1.50之间,具有部分Cd超富集植物特征.Pb富集系数和转运系数在0.71~1.11之间,是较好的Pb富集植物,具有修复ω(Pb)为400 mg·kg^(-1)以下的土壤的潜力.Pb和Cd积累量逐渐增加,地上部最大Cd积累量为9.832μg·plant^(-1),最大Pb积累量为1 091.185μg·plant^(-1).但在更低浓度的Pb和Cd复合污染土壤中,去除率更大,修复效率更快.使用橡胶草修复Pb和Cd污染农田土壤具有较好的应用前景和经济价值.Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin(TSK) is an energy plant that can be used as a raw material for natural rubber.The aim of this study was to examine the remediation potential of TSK to lead(Pb)-and cadmium(Cd)-contaminated farmland soil.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted,and the “Soil Environmental Quality and Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard(GB 15618-2018)” was used as reference.We set up four different concentrations of Pb and Cd pollution treatment to study the characteristics of the accumulation and tolerance of TSK to Pb and Cd.The results showed that as the content of Pb and Cd in the soil increased,the chlorophyll content and biomass of TSK gradually decreased,and the SOD,POD,and CAT enzyme activities gradually increased.The BCF and TF of Cd were between 1.20 and 1.50,indicating that TSK presented some characteristics of a Cd hyperaccumulator.The BCF and TF of Pb were between 0.71 and 1.11.Thus,TSK was a good Pb enrichment plant and possessed the potential to repair soil with ω(Pb) below 400 mg·kg^(-1).The accumulation of Pb and Cd gradually increased,and the maximum accumulation of Cd and Pb in the shoots was 9.832 μg·plant^(-1) and 1 091.185 μg·plant^(-1),respectively.However,in lower concentrations of Pb-and Cd-contaminated soil,the removal rate was greater,and the remediation efficiency was better.Overall,using TSK to repair Pb-and Cd-contaminated farmland soil has good application prospects and economic value.

关 键 词：铅(Pb)和镉(Cd) 植物修复 橡胶草(TKS) 收益型超富集植物 农田 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]