进化元伦理学与是/应当问题  

Evolutionary Metaethics and the Is/Ought Problem

作　　者：李胜辉[1] LI Shenghui(School of Philosophy and Public Management,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan,475004)

机构地区：[1]河南大学哲学与公共管理学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2022年第8期51-57,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“马克思主义社会发展理论的当代重大问题研究”(项目编号:19ZDA020)。

摘　　要：进化元伦理学试图以进化科学为基础来探讨元伦理学中的相关议题,围绕它的重要争议之一是,它是否会遭遇“是与应当问题”。一种否定的意见是,元伦理学陈述是规范陈述,进化元伦理学是从进化科学的事实陈述中推出元伦理学的规范陈述,因而它会遭遇这一问题。相反的意见认为,元伦理学陈述是事实陈述,进化伦理学不仅不会遭遇这一问题,它反而可能会消解这一问题。对两种意见的深入辨析表明,不管元伦理学陈述是事实陈述还是规范陈述,进化元伦理学都不会遭遇这一问题,至于它是否会消解这一问题则远未有定论。Evolutionary Metaethics attempts to explore the related issues in metaethics based on evolutionary science,and one of the most important disputes around it is whether it will encounter the Is/Ought Problem(IOP).A negative opinion is that metaethical statements are normative statements,and Evolutionary Metaethics deduces the normative statements of metaethics from the factual statements of evolutionary science,so it will encounter the IOP.The opposite opinion is that the metaethical statements are factual statements,so not only will Evolutionary Metaethics not encounter this problem,but it may dispel it.An in-depth analysis of the two opinions shows that no matter whether the metaethical statements are factual statements or normative statements,Evolutionary Metaethics will not encounter the IOP,and it is far from conclusive whether it will solve the IOP or not.

关 键 词：进化元伦理学 是与应当 道德先天论 道德怀疑论 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]