蒯因的自然主义:澄清与辩护  

Quine's Naturalism:Clarification and Vindication

作　　者：陈波 Chen Bo

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]国际哲学院(IIP) [3]国际科学哲学院(AIPS)

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（外国哲学）》2022年第8期68-83,共16页FOREIGN PHILOSOPHY

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA024)。

摘　　要：自然主义是蒯因哲学的主要特征。蒯因的自然化认识论试图用发生学方法研究如下中心问题:我们如何从“贫之的输入”即来自外部世界的感觉刺激,产生了“涵涌的输出”即我们对外部世界的总体的科学理论,并由此展开了它的实质性内容,导出了它的一系列重要推论。对它的三大反驳包括取代反驳(前因的自然化认识论是对传统认识论的取代)、循环反驳(蒯因的自然化认识论是恶性循环的)和非规范性反驳(前因的自然化认识论缺乏规范性维度),以及威廉姆森对蒯因版的自然主义的三条责难,全都是基于误读或误释,因而是不成立的。蒯因的自然化认识论中的很多富于启发性的洞见有待进一步发展。Naturalism is the dominant characteristic of Quine's philosophy By means of its genetic approach,Quine's naturalized epistemology(NE for short)studies the following central question:How do we start from"the meagre input",namely,our sensory stimulation from the external world,to reach"the torrential output",namely,or overall scientific theories of the external world?And develops its substantial contents and further deduces a series of significant consequences.The three objections to NE,including replacement(Quine's NE is the replacement of traditional epistemology)circularity(Quines NEis viciously circular),and non-normativity(Quine's NE is devoid of normative dimension),and Williamson's three charges to mainly Quine's brand of naturalism,are mainly due to misreading or misinterpretation,so all of them failed,and the main claims of Quine's NE are vindicated.Actually,in Quine's NE,there are many illuminating reasonable,and valuable insights,which are worthy of further development.

关 键 词：蒯因 自然主义 自然化认识论 发生学方法 非规范性 

分 类 号：B712.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]