广西地区籼型陆稻、深水稻与水稻的遗传分化  

Genetic differentiation of indica type upland rice,and deep-water rice and lowland rice in Guangxi

作　　者：王磊 罗志 周衡陵 李静 夏辉[1] WANG Lei;LUO Zhi;ZHOU Hengling;LI Jing;XIA Hui(Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2022年第4期66-75,共10页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农委科技攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2016)第6-1-7号]。

摘　　要：广西是我国栽培稻种质资源的多样性中心之一,分布有陆稻、深水稻与水稻3种不同的栽培稻生态型。这3种栽培稻生态型适应不同的农业生境,具有丰富且不同的遗传资源,有必要对其遗传多样性与遗传分化进行研究。本试验基于全基因组SNP研究了广西地区籼型陆稻、深水稻与水稻生态型的遗传多样性及其两两间的遗传分化。结果表明:上述3种生态型间总体遗传分化程度较低,遗传多样性相近,但两两生态型间存在少数高分化区间。其中,在深水稻-水稻的高分化区间富集了4个已知耐淹基因;陆稻-水稻及深水稻-水稻高分化区间富集了许多已知抗旱基因。由此可以推测,3种生态型两两间的高分化区间蕴藏着丰富的抗旱、耐淹及其他适应性基因,与其适应不同的农业生境相关。本研究结果可为栽培稻种质资源适应性基因资源的挖掘、研究和应用提供理论依据。Guangxi is one of the diversity centers of cultivated rice germplasm in China and there are 3 different ecotypes of cultivated rice:upland rice,deep-water rice and lowland rice in Guangxi.These 3 cultivated rice ecotypes adapt to different agricultural habitats and have abundant and various genetic resources.It is essential to study their genetic diversity and differentiation.Based on the whole genome SNP,the genetic diversity and pairwise genetic differentiation of indica type upland rice,deep-water rice and lowland rice in Guangxi were studied.The results showed that the overall degree of genetic differentiation among the above 3 ecotypes was low,and the genetic diversity was similar,but there were a few highly differentiated chromosomal regions between each other.Among them,4 known submergence tolerance genes were enriched in high differentiation regions of deepwater rice-lowland rice;Many known drought resistance genes were enriched in the high differentiation regions of upland rice-lowland rice and deep-water rice-lowland rice.It could be inferred that the highly differentiated regions between each other of the 3 ecotypes contained abundant gene resources of drought resistance,submergence tolerance and other adaptive traits,which were related to their adaptation to different agricultural habitats.The results of this study could provide a theoretical basis for the mining,research and application of adaptive gene resources of cultivated rice germplasm resources.

关 键 词：陆稻 深水稻 水稻 遗传分化 抗旱 耐淹 

分 类 号：S511.024[农业科学—作物学]