试论佛教伪经《净土盂兰盆经》的价值及其影响  

On the Value and Influence of the Apocryphal Buddhist Document Pure Land Ullambana Sutra

作　　者：徐汉杰 XU Hanjie(Institute of Dunhuang Studies,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学敦煌学研究所,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2022年第3期114-122,共9页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：山东省社科项目“韩国藏明刻本《释迦如来十地修行记》笺释”(19CWJ07)。

摘　　要：《净土盂兰盆经》是一部在唐代颇为流行的伪经,它的出现对盂兰盆仪式和盂兰盆文献产生了深远的影响:其一,此经为唐人追求的奢靡盂兰盆供提供了佛经依据;其二,此经让民众对盂兰盆的关注点转移到了目连身上,自此以后盂兰盆完全成了一个弘扬孝道的盛会;其三,经中出现的罗卜和青提因缘成为了后世目连救母题材俗文学的根基。作为目连救母故事发展演化的重要一环,《净土盂兰盆经》充当了连接藏内《盂兰盆经》与目连救母俗文学之间的桥梁,具有承前启后的作用。The Pure Land Ullambana Sutra is an apocryphal sutra that was very popular in the Tang Dynasty and exerted a profound influence on the rituals and documents surrounding Ullambana beliefs. This influence is apparent in the following three aspects: first, the sutra provided a scriptural basis for the extravagant Ullambana offerings practiced by lay practitioners of the Tang dynasty;secondly, it shifted public focus from Ullambana beliefs to the Buddhist figure of Maudgalyayana, after which Ullambana culture became focused on a grand annual gathering that promoted filial piety;finally, the story about the marriage of Luobu and Qingti in the sutra became the foundation of a popular literature telling the story of Maudgalyayana saving his mother.The Pure Land Ullambana Sutra served as a bridge connecting the canonical Ullambana Sutra with popular literature portraying the filial piety of Maudgalyayana.

关 键 词：《净土盂兰盆经》 目连 伪经 变文 

分 类 号：G256.1[文化科学—图书馆学] B949[哲学宗教—宗教学]