机载多电磁矢量传感器的飞行器姿态优化估计  

Aircraft attitude optimization estimation based on airborne multiple electromagnetic vector sensors

作　　者：党帅军 陈广东[2] 廖俊杰 朱世杰 Dang Shuaijun;Chen Guangdong;Liao Junjie;Zhu Shiie(School of Eletronic Information Engineering/School of Integrated Cireuits,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211000,China;Unmanned Airerafu Research Institute,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院/集成电路学院,南京211000 [2]南京航空航天大学无人驾驶飞机研究院,南京210000

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2022年第14期78-84,共7页Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：实现对飞行器飞行姿态的快速精准估测是成功执行任务的重要保障。为提高飞行器飞行姿态估测的精准性和快速性,考虑到多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法在谱峰搜索的时候计算量大且速度慢的特点,提出了在谱峰搜索中应用改进的粒子群算法。首先依靠飞行器机身上的各电磁矢量传感器的姿态位置与来自地面基站上所传送的信号信息之间的变化规律,形成MUSIC算法中所需要的导向矢量,建立由电磁矢量传感器组成的信号接收阵列的电磁波信号数学模型表达式,求出协方差矩阵,将矩阵的特征值进行分解得到噪声子空间,构造出姿态空间谱函数来完成信号空间谱的建立和谱峰搜索,从而得到表征姿态的唯一谱峰。最后通过仿真实验验证表明,在谱峰搜索应用改进粒子群算法能够有效的提高飞行姿态的估测精度和搜索速度。Achieving fast and accurate estimation of vehicle attitude is an important guarantee for successful mission execution.In order to improve the accuracy and speed of attitude estimation,an improved particle swarm algorithm is proposed to be applied in the spectral peak search,considering that the multiple signal classific-ation algorithm(MUSIC)algorithm is computationally intensive and slow in the spectral peak search.Firstly,the variation pattern between the attitude position of each electromagnetic vector sensor on the aircraft fuselage and the signal information transmitted from the ground base station is relied upon to form the steering vector required in the MUSIC algorithm,to establish the mathematical model expression of the electromagnetic wave signal of the signal receiving array composed of electromagnetic vector sensors,to find the covariance matrix,to decompose the eigenvalues of the matrix to obtain the noise subspace,and to construct the The attitude space spectral function is constructed to complete the establishment of the signal space spectrum and the search of the spectral peak,so as to obtain the unique spectral peak characterizing the attitude.Finally,the simulation shows that the improved particle swarm algorithm can effectively improve the estimation accuracy and search speed of the flight attitude.

关 键 词：电磁矢量传感器 粒子群算法 姿态 MUSIC算法 导向矢量 

分 类 号：TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统] V249[电子电信—信息与通信工程]