Pb胁迫对东北蒲公英生长及生理的影响  

Effects of Pb Stress on Growth and Physiology of Taraxacum ohwianum Kitam

作　　者：徐术菁 类淑营 周霞[1] 宋伊真 程晓薇 XU Shujing;LEI Shuying;ZHOU Xia;SONG Yizhen;CHENG Xiaowei(Haidu College,Qingdao Agricultural University,Laiyang,Shandong 265200;Agricultural College,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230000)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学海都学院,山东莱阳265200 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第13期70-78,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究资助项目(20CPYJ72);山东省艺术科学重点课题资助项目(QN202008278);山东省“传统文化与经济社会发展”专项课题资助项目(ZC202011219)。

摘　　要：以东北蒲公英为试材,采用添加外源重金属和盆栽试验方法,研究了铅(Pb)胁迫对生物量、细胞形态和生理指标的影响,以期为东北蒲公英Pb污染修复应用提供参考依据。结果表明:随Pb浓度的增高,处理组地上部分鲜质量与地下部分鲜质量的增量相比CK显著下降。株高随Pb胁迫浓度的增高而降低,根的表皮细胞体积明显增加、皮层细胞的数量增多、薄壁细胞减少甚至出现了细胞空隙、内皮层细胞、中柱的数目减少。叶的上下表皮细胞形状为不规则型,总体为先上升后排列疏松,数量也有所增加。薄壁细胞数目有所下降。Pb胁迫下根、叶的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势,叶部过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈现上升的趋势;根部CAT活性呈下降的趋势。Pb胁迫下叶部丙二醛(MDA)含量总体呈现上升的趋势;根部MDA含量总体呈现上升的趋势,胁迫后期有所下降,相同胁迫浓度下根部MDA含量高于叶部。Pb胁迫下叶绿素相对含量随着胁迫时间的延长总体呈现下降的趋势。综上所述,东北蒲公英的形态结构和生理特性对Pb胁迫表现出了良好的耐性。Taking Taraxacum ohwianum kitam as test materials, the effects of lead(Pb) stress on biomass, cell morphology and physiological indexes of dandelion(Taraxacum ohwianum Kitam) were studied by adding exogenous heavy metals and pot experiments, in order to provide reference for the remediation of Pb pollution in dandelion.The results showed that with the increase of Pb concentration, the increment of fresh weight of overground part and underground part of the treated group decreased significantly compared with the control group.The plant height decreased with the increase of Pb stress concentration, and the epidermal cell volume increased significantly, the number of cortical cells increased, the number of parenchyma cells decreased, and even the number of intercellular spaces, endodermis cells and stellars decreased.The upper and lower epidermal cells of the leaves were irregular in shape, and the number of epidermal cells also increased.Under Pb stress, SOD and POD activities in roots and leaves increased first and then decreased, while CAT activity in leaves increased.The activity of CAT in the root decreased.Under Pb stress, MDA content in leaves showed an increasing trend.The MDA content in root showed an increasing trend and decreased at the later stage of stress, and the MDA content in root was higher than that in leaf under the same stress concentration.Chlorophyll content under Pb stress decreased with the extension of stress time.The morphological structure and physiological characteristics of dandelion showed good tolerance to Pb stress, which provided a theoretical basis for the application of Pb pollution remediation of dandelion in Northeast China.

关 键 词：东北蒲公英 PB胁迫 细胞形态 生理指标 

分 类 号：S681[农业科学—观赏园艺]