觉华岛海域人工鱼礁生态系统能量传递与功能研究  

Energy fluxes and trophic structure of an artificial reef ecosystem in Juehua island based on Ecopath model

作　　者：张子玥 杨薇[1] 孙涛[1] 舒安平[1] 冯剑丰[2] 刘海飞 Zi-yue ZHANG;Wei YANG;Tao SUN;An-ping SHU;Jian-feng FENG;Hai-fei LIU(State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Environment Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2022年第4期636-643,共8页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2018YFC1406404);国家自然科学基金山东联合基金项目(U1806217)。

摘　　要：人工鱼礁是海洋牧场建设的重要组成部分,阐明其系统结构特征及能量流动规律是评估人工鱼礁资源养护和生态修复的重要基础。本文以辽东湾觉华岛海域人工鱼礁生态系统为研究对象,基于2019年春、夏、秋季的生物资源调查,通过稳定同位素技术和生态通道(Ecopath)模型构建了该人工鱼礁系统的生态通道模型,揭示了人工鱼礁建设的生态修复效果。研究结果显示,该生态系统以牧食食物链占主导,营养级为1~4.10,最高营养级为鲬,关键种为日本蟳。系统总能量传递效率为6.28%,35.08%的能量未进一步利用,流入碎屑。总初级生产/总呼吸为2.98,显示该系统为自养演替;联结指数为0.28,系统杂食指数为0.32,Finn’s循环指数为6.08%,平均能流路径长度为2.49,说明该系统的生态系统规模、物质再循环率、复杂度及稳定性均较高,但仍处于发育阶段,距离成熟系统仍有一定差距。Artificial reef forms one of the most important marine ecosystems. Understanding its energy flows and trophic structure is of fundamental importance to the ecological restoration and ecosystem conservation.Based on the investigated data in the artificial reef in Juehua island in the spring, summer, and autumn of 2019,a mass-balance model for the artificial reef ecosystem was constructed by joining the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and the Ecopath model to explore its energy transfer and functions. We found that the energy flows were dominated by the primary producer. The trophic levels of the functional groups ranged from 1.00 to 4.10.Platycephalus indicus(Linnaeus) had the highest trophic level. Charybdis japonica was the keystones species of the food web.The total energy transfer efficiency of the system was 6.28%, indicating that the energy utilization is not sufficient. The ratio of total primary productivity to total respiration of the system was 2.98,indicating that the system is in autotrophic succession. The connectivity index and system omnivory index were0.28 and 0.32, respectively. The Finn’s cycling index and the mean path length of the energy flow were 6.08%and 2.49, respectively. The ecosystem’s scale, current Finn’s cycling level, complexity and stability of the ecosystem implied the system at a high level in the system of adjacent regions. The ecosystem is in the development stage, and there is still a gap from the mature ecosystem.

关 键 词：人工鱼礁 ECOPATH模型 稳定性同位素 食物网 辽东湾 觉华岛 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]