基于神经电生理技术和脑成像技术探讨太极拳对老年人认知功能影响的研究进展  

Research progress of effect of Tai Chi on cognitive function in the elderly based on neuroelectrophysiological techniques and brain imaging techniques

作　　者：薛晨 李雨谿 钟冬灵 李涓 郑重(综述)[2] 金荣疆(审校) XUE Chen;LI Yuxi;ZHONG Dongling;LI Juan;ZHENG Zhong;JIN Rongjiang(Institution of Health and Rehabilitation,Chengdu University of TCM,Chengdu 610075,P.R.China;Center for Neurobiological Detection,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学养生康复学院,成都610075 [2]四川大学华西医院神经生物检测中心,成都610041

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2022年第4期826-832,共7页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81873354,81873356);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1710302);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2020YFS0283)。

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化问题的日益凸现,老年人认知功能衰退逐渐成为临床研究热点。太极拳作为一项传统康复运动,已被证明对改善老年人认知功能、延缓认知衰退具有积极作用,但其相关脑功能机制尚不明确。本文通过收集利用磁共振成像(MRI)、脑电图(EEG)、功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)观察太极拳对老年人认知功能相关脑区变化影响的研究,以大脑结构和功能改变为切入点进行梳理,结果表明太极拳可能通过重塑记忆、注意、执行等认知相关脑区的结构和功能来改善老年人的认知功能,延缓认知衰退。此外,太极拳改善认知功能可能与其正性调节老年人的心血管功能、情绪和冥想水平有关,且认知功能的改善可进一步提升老年人的平衡能力。同时发现练习时间、练习频率和练习强度可能是影响太极拳改善老年人认知功能和脑功能的因素。With the increasing prominence of population aging,the cognitive decline of the elderly has gradually become a hotspot of clinical research.As a traditional rehabilitation exercise,Tai Chi has been proved to have a positive effect on improving cognitive function and delaying cognitive decline in the elderly.However,the related brain function mechanism is still unclear.In this paper,we collected studies which observed the changes of Tai Chi on brain regions related to cognitive function in the elderly using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),electroencephalogram(EEG)and functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).We summarized relevant studies from perspective of structural and functional changes in the brain.The results showed that Tai Chi may delay and improve cognitive decline in the elderly by reshaping the structure and function of brain regions related to cognitive function such as memory,attention and execution.The effect of Tai Chi for cognitive function may be associated with positive regulation of cardiovascular function,emotion and meditation level of the elderly.In addition,the improvement of cognitive function further enhances the balance of the elderly.We also found that practice time,frequency and intensity of Tai Chi could be factors influencing the improvement of cognitive function and brain function in the elderly.

关 键 词：太极拳 老年人 认知功能 神经电生理技术 脑成像技术 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]