复方中草药对虹鳟脾脏非特异性免疫指标及免疫相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine on Non-specific Immunity Parameters and Immune-related Gene Expressions in Spleen of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

作　　者：潘玉财 黄进强[1] 李永娟[2] 吴深基 赵璐 雷明荃 孙同振 王晓谰 PAN Yu-Cai;HUANG Jin-Qiang;LI Yong-Juan;WU Shen-Ji;ZHAO Lu;LEI Ming-Quan;SUN Tong-Zhen;WANG Xiao-Lan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2022年第8期1580-1593,共14页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：甘肃农业大学科技创新基金-青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2018-09);甘肃省农牧厅特种养殖专项基金(GARSTSYZ-1-2);甘肃省现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑计划(GSLK-2021-16)。

摘　　要：中草药具有丰富的活性物质,具有提高机体免疫力、抗病及无残留等特性,已在水产养殖中被广泛应用。为探讨饲料中添加不同水平的复方中草药(黄芪(Astragalus radix),党参(Codonopsis pilosula),当归(Angelica sinensis),甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis),麦冬(Ophiopogon japonicus),茯苓(Poria cocos),山楂(Hawthorn),金银花(Lonicera japonica),板蓝根(Isatidis radix)和大青叶(Isatis indigotica Fortune))对虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)脾脏非特异性免疫及免疫相关基因表达的影响,本研究选取120尾虹鳟为实验对象,随机分为4组,分别在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、10、20和30 g/kg复方中草药连续投喂35 d。在投喂第7、21和35 d时取脾脏组织用于非特异性免疫指标的测定,并利用qPCR分析虹鳟脾脏中15个免疫相关基因的表达差异。结果显示,与对照组相比,在投喂的3个时期复方中草药均能显著提高虹鳟脾脏中总超氧化物歧化酶(total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、溶菌酶(lysozyme,LZM)及酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphatase,ACP)的活性(P<0.05),其中以20 g/kg组效果最佳;与对照组相比,10、20和30 g/kg组丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量均在投喂的3个时期显著下降(P<0.05),且30 g/kg组效果最佳。基因表达结果显示,与对照组相比,投喂第35 d时,20 g/kg组能显著诱导脾脏中Toll样受体3(Toll-like receptor 3,tlr3)、Toll样受体7(tlr7)、髓样分化因子88(medullary differentiation factor 88,myd88)、白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,il-1β)和细胞核因子κB抑制剂α(nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor alpha,nfkbia)基因的表达(P<0.05);各处理组肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,tnf-α)基因表达差异不显著,Toll样受体8(tlr8)在30 g/kg组显著上调(P<0.05);同时,免疫相关基因干扰素调节因子3(interferon regulatory factor 3,irf3)、干扰素调节因子7(irf7)、黑色素瘤分化相关蛋白5(melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5,mda5)、RIG-Traditional Chinese herbs are rich in active ingredients and have the properties of improving the immunity of the body, disease resistance and residue-free, and have been widely used in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of compound Chinese herbs medicine(composed of Astragalus radix, Codonopsis pilosula, Angelica sinensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Ophiopogon japonicas, Poria cocos, Lonicera japonica, Isatidis radix, Isatis indigotica Fortune, Hawthorn) on the non-specific immunity parameters and immune-related gene expressions of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) and provide scientific basis for the healthy culture. The 120 healthy rainbow trouts with an average weight(33.0 ± 2.8) g were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups;each group repeated the experiment 3 times and 10 rainbow trout per replicate. The fish were fed a basal diet supplemented with compound Chinese herbal medicine at concentrations of 0(control group), 10, 20 and 30 g/kg, respectively. The feeding trial lasted 35 days.Subsequently, spleen tissue(4 per group) was collected at 7, 21 and 35 d of feeding to evaluate non-specific immune parameters. The expression of fifteen immune-related genes in spleen tissue was detected by qPCR after 35 d of feeding. The results showed that dietary compound Chinese herbal medicine significantly increased the levels of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD), catalase(CAT), acid phosphatase(ACP) and lysozyme(LZM) in the rainbow trout spleen on the 7th, 21th and 35th day(P<0.05), and the 20 g/kg supplemental groups showed the best results. Furthermore, the malondialdehyde(MDA) concentration in the spleen was significantly lower in the compound Chinese herbal medicine treatment groups than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the 30 g/kg supplemental group showed the best results. Moreover, the gene expression data indicate that dietary compound Chinese herbal medicine significantly upregulated the expression of Toll-like receptor 3(tlr3), Toll-like receptor 7(tlr7), medullary dif

关 键 词：虹鳟 复方中草药 非特异性免疫 免疫相关基因表达 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]