公众科学的科研伦理道德问题研究及治理实践述评  

Theories and Practices about Resolution of Citizen Science Ethical Issues

作　　者：曾敬 ZENG Jing(Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area,Guangzhou 510070,China;Institute of Information,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China;Science and Technology Library of Guangdong,Guangzhou 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]粤港澳大湾区战略研究院,广州510070 [2]广东省科学院信息研究所,广州510070 [3]广东省科技图书馆,广州510070

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2022年第4期518-530,共13页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：粤港澳大湾区战略研究院建设专项(2021GDASYL-20210401001);广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项“广东省科技信息资源与技术情报服务平台建设”(2018GDASCX-0118)。

摘　　要：近年来公众科学快速发展,深刻影响着公民教育、社会公共决策和科学研究。规范公众科学相关研究行为是促进公众科学健康发展的重要命题。梳理欧美发达国家公众科学伦理道德治理的探索与实践,对我国促进公众科学蓬勃发展有重要借鉴作用。本文采用文献调研法,对近10年来国外期刊发表的学术论文、官方文件进行分析,总结国外公众科学发展面临的伦理道德困境及应对策略。结合我国现状,本研究认为,我国需要深入开展公共政策研究,拓展其对公众科学场景的适用性;搭建公共平台,增强公众科学活动的组织性和规范性;完善科研项目伦理审查组织体系,力争覆盖非公共资助项目;开展科技伦理道德教育专项项目,提升公众科技安全意识。In recent years,the rapid development of Citizen Science has a profound impact on civic education,social public decision-making and scientific research.To facilitate Responsible Citizen Science is an important topic.A summary of theories and practices about Responsible Citizen Science in Europe and America can be a reference to Chinese Citizen Science.By analyzing academic papers and official documents published in recent 10 years,the present study summarized theories,practices,problems and resolutions about resolution of Citizen Science ethical issues abroad.Considering the current situation of our country,we conclude that some in-depth public policy research should be carry out to understand the Citizen Science and public policy and prepare to cope with the problems,bridge platform which involves stakeholders should be built to facilitate the standardization and institutionalization of Citizen Science,Regional Ethics Committee should be responsible to review non-public funded projects,The technological safety awareness of the whole society should be improved by carrying out scientific and technological ethics education programs.

关 键 词：公众科学 科研伦理 科研诚信 开放科学 负责任科学 

分 类 号：B82-057[哲学宗教—伦理学] G301[文化科学]