贵州铁路锌厂废渣旧址土壤重金属污染研究与分析  

Research and Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil of the Railway Zinc Plant

作　　者：陈冬华 袁玮[2] 吴记银 Chen DongHua;Yuan Wei;Wu Jiyin(Kaili Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Guizhou 556002,China;Kaili University,Guizhou 556011,China)

机构地区：[1]凯里生态环境监测中心,贵州凯里556002 [2]凯里学院,贵州凯里556011

出　　处：《皮革制作与环保科技》2022年第15期121-123,共3页Leather Manufacture and Environmental Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技厅联合基金(黔科合LH字[2016]7034号).

摘　　要：本文以凯里市原贵州铁路锌厂废渣旧址中的土壤为研究对象,采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了土壤中6种重金属(Fe、Cd、Pb、Zn、Mn、Cu)的含量,并与贵州省土壤背景值进行比较,同时使用单因子指数法、土壤综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险评价法进行评价。结果表明:Fe和Cd超出贵州省土壤背景值,Fe超出11.53~33.2倍;Cd超出1.92~5.64倍;Pb最高浓度为87.90 mg/kg,超出贵州土壤背景值2.5倍,金属Zn、Mn、Cu浓度均未超过贵州省土壤背景值。单因子指数法评价六种重金属污染程度顺序为Fe>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Mn,其中,Fe为重度污染;Cd为轻度污染至重度污染;Pb为清洁至中度污染,Zn、Mn、Cu均为清洁。而六个取样点综合污染程度顺序为D3>D6>D4>D5>D1>D2,综合污染程度均评价为重度污染。其中,采样点D1、D4、D5潜在生态风险程度为低,D2、D3、D6潜在生态风险程度为中度,各点潜在生态风险程度顺序为D3>D6>D2>D4>D1>D5。In this paper,the contents of six heavy metals(Fe,Cd,Pb,Zn,Mn,Cu)in the soil of the railway zinc factory waste residue site in Kaili city were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry,and compared with the background values of soil in Guizhou province,and evaluated by single factor index method,comprehensive soil pollution index method and potential ecological risk evaluation method.The results showed that Fe and Cd exceeded the background values of Guizhou soil,with Fe exceeding 11.53~33.2 times,Cd exceeding 1.92~5.64 times,and the highest concentration of Pb was 87.90 mg/kg,which exceeded the background values of Guizhou soil by 2.5 times.The concentrations of Zn,Mn and Cu did not exceed the background values of Guizhou soil.According to the single factor index method,the order of pollution degree of six heavy metals is Fe>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Mn.Among them,Fe is heavily polluted;Cd is slightly polluted to heavily polluted,Pb is clean to moderately polluted,and Zn,Mn and Cu are clean.The comprehensive pollution degree of the six sampling points is D3>D6>D4>D5>D1>D2,and the comprehensive pollution degree is evaluated as severe pollution.Among them,the potential ecological risk degree of sampling points D1,D4 and D5 is low,while the potential ecological risk degree of D2,D3 and D6 is moderate,and the order of potential ecological risk degree of each point is D3>D6>D2>D4>D1>D5.

关 键 词：废渣 重金属 土壤 含量 污染 

分 类 号：TS5[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]