随机需求下批发价格与支付时间相关的零售商最优库存策略研究  

Retailer’s Inventory Policy with Payment Time-Related Wholesale Price under Stochastic Demand

作　　者：周永务[1] 陈怡 何欢 陈传营 ZHOU Yongwu;CHEN Yi;HE Huan;CHEN Chuanying(School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;School of Economics and Management,Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan 523106,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510640 [2]东莞理工学院经济与管理学院,广东东莞523106

出　　处：《工业工程》2022年第4期45-53,共9页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70771034,70971041);广东省高校人文社科重点研究基地资助项目(08JDXM63003);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(10151064101000003);东莞理工学院科研启动专项经费资助项目(211135043)。

摘　　要：需求不确定的市场环境下,供应商给零售商提供与支付时间相关的批发价格,零售商延迟支付时间越长,产品的批发价格越高,进而研究零售商最优支付时间和目标库存决策以最大化期望收益。基于零售商库存耗尽的时间点、订货时间点以及支付时间点的关系,构建零售商的3种库存情形并得到零售商的期望收益函数。分析结果表明,零售商的期望收益是关于目标库存的凹函数,存在唯一的最优目标库存;并且,当批发价格变化参数较小时,零售商的期望收益是关于支付时间的凹函数。数值分析显示,当市场需求的标准差增大时,零售商最优支付时间、最优目标库存、期望收益减小;当市场需求均值增大时,零售商最优支付时间、最优目标库存、期望收益增大。Considering a market with demand uncertainty, the supplier provides the retailer with wholesale price related to the payment time—that is, the longer the retailer delays the payment, the higher the wholesale price of the product. Then, the retailer’s optimal payment time and target inventory at the order point are addressed in order to obtain the maximum expected unit cycle revenue. Combining the relationship between the time when the retailer’s inventory level drops to 0, the order time and the payment time, three inventory scenarios of the retailer are analyzed and the retailer’s expected unit cycle revenue derived. The results show that the retailer’s expected unit cycle revenue is a concave function of target inventory and there is a unique solution of target inventory. When the variation parameter of wholesale price is small, the retailer’s expected unit cycle revenue is a concave function of payment time. The numerical results show that when the standard deviation of market demand increases, the retailer’s optimal payment time, optimal target inventory and expected unit cycle revenue decrease;When the average market demand increases, the retailer’s optimal payment time, optimal target inventory and expected unit cycle revenue increase.

关 键 词：随机需求 支付时间 库存决策 批发价格 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理]