二十世纪中期新加坡民族国家建构理念析论  

A ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF NATION-STATE CONSTRUCTION IN SINGAPORE IN THE MID-20TH CENTURY

作　　者：齐顺利[1] 曾少聪[2] Qi Shunli;Zeng Shaocong

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学通识教育中心,广东广州510006 [2]中国社科院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《广西民族研究》2022年第3期122-129,共8页GUANGXI ETHNIC STUDIES

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“海外侨胞与铸牢中华民族共同体意识”(20AMZ015)。

摘　　要：民族国家建构在一定程度上是要解决“谁的国家”的问题。新加坡的民族国家建构理念可以追溯至新马合并时的“马来西亚人的马来西亚”。新马分离后,新加坡并不急于将各族群整合成一个民族,而是努力构建个人和族群对国家的认同。新加坡对华人宗乡社团进行改造、取代,将华人还原成个体的公民直接与之接触。新加坡将英语作为工作语言,力图为各族打造一个公平竞争的环境,同时将马来语、华语、泰米尔语确立为具有官方地位的语言,为各族表达差异、发展文化留下了空间。新加坡还着眼于提升落后的马来人的竞争力,在一定时间内优待马来人,肯定少数族群的文化,将国家建成保护华人、马来人和印度人的政治屋顶。Nation-state construction is to a certain extent to solve the problem of"whose country".The concept of nation-state construction in Singapore can be traced back to the"Malaysian Malaysia"during the merged of Singapore and Malaysia.After the separation of Singapore and Malaysia,Singapore is not eager to integrate various ethnic groups into one nation,but strives to build individual and ethnic identity to the country.Singapore has transformed and replaced the Chinese clan associations,and restored the Chinese to individual citizens in direct contact with them.Singapore uses English as its working language and strives to create a level playing field for all ethnic groups.At the same time,Malay,Mandarin and Tamil have been established as official languages,leaving room for various ethnic groups to express their differences and develop their cultures.Singapore also aims to enhance the competitiveness of the backward Malays,treat the Malays preferentially for a certain period of time,affirms the culture of minority groups,and build Singapore into a political roof to protects the Chinese,Malays and Indians.

关 键 词：新加坡 李光耀 民族国家建构 英语 族群平等 

分 类 号：D562[政治法律—政治学]