森林公园游憩者环境偏好与脑电波关系  

The Relationship between Environmental Preference and Electroencephalogram of Forest Park Recreationists

作　　者：黄雅冰 翁羽西 徐伟振 林歆雅 王敏华[1] 董建文[1] Huang Yabing;Weng Yuxi;Xu Weizhen;Lin Xinya;Wang Minhua;Dong Jianwen(College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350001,China;College of Architecture,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园林学院,福州350001 [2]福建工程学院建筑学院,福州350001

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2022年第4期30-36,共7页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：福建省财政厅专项“武夷山国家公园研究院专项”(KJg20009A);森林步道体系建设与研究(KJG19004A)。

摘　　要：为了解何种森林公园景观对人们较具有恢复性效益,进而为营造健康服务型森林景观提供科学依据。文章以福州国家森林公园为例,以脑电图为研究工具,使用脑电仪持续采集被试者自然体验过程中的脑电波,采集结束后填写环境偏好评价问卷,共获得26组脑电波有效样本,探讨受试者观看不同类型的森林公园环境时各个脑区的脑电波活动差异,并总结环境偏好与脑电响应之间的关系。结果表明:1)6处森林公园样地的前额叶、额叶、中央区、枕叶脑电波功率谱密度存在显著差异;游憩者环境偏好在不同样地与脑电波均呈现不同程度相关性。2)自然度较高的森林公园景观更易使游憩者感到轻松和心情愉悦,更易吸引游憩者积极关注;山地景观的放松效果会显著高于草坪和湖景。3)对于较空旷的人工式森林公园环境,增加其景观效果的复杂性会提高α波活动,有助于游憩者进入放松式的清醒状态中;增加山地景观的神秘性和水景的易读性可降低β波活动,有助于降低游憩者的紧张感,使游憩者更易趋于放松状态。由此可见,不同脑区脑电波活动在不同森林环境中均呈现不同差异性,环境偏好显著影响大脑活动。In order to understand which forest park landscape delivers people more restorative benefits and then provide a scientific basis for building healthy-improvement-oriented forest landscape, this paper conducts an experiment in Fuzhou National Forest Park to continuously record brain waves from subjects during their natural experience using electroencephalogram. After brain wave measurements(n=26), the environmental preference questionnaires are finished in filling in to explore the differences in the subjects’ brain wave activities when they view the different forest park landscapes and summarize the relationship between environment preference and brain wave response. The results show that: 1) There are significant differences in the power spectral density of prefrontal lobe, frontal lobe, central area and occipital lobe of the subjects in the six plots selected in the forest park, and the environmental preference of recreationists is correlated with EEG to different extents;2) Compared with artificial forest park landscapes, the natural forest park landscapes can make recreationists more relaxed and happy, and more easily attract them to notice the landscape, while the mountain landscape has better relaxation effect than the lawn and lake landscape do;3) For the relatively open artificial forest park environment, increasing the complexity of landscapes will improve the α wave activity and help recreationists to be in a relaxed clear-headed state;increasing the mystery of mountain landscape and the legibility of waterscape will help reduce the β wave activity, which help reduce the tension of recreationists and bring them to relaxation. In this sense, the brain wave activities in different parts of brain present different variations in different forest environments, and the environment preference significantly influences brain activities.

关 键 词：森林公园游憩者 环境偏好 脑电波 福州国家森林公园 

分 类 号：R741.044[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]