基于“格局-功能”关系的秦岭北麓城市水源地空间管控  

Spatial Control of Urban Water Source in the Northern Piedmont of Qinling Mountains Based on “Pattern-Function” Relationship

作　　者：兰泽青 岳邦瑞[1,2] 王敬儒 Lan Zeqing;Yue Bangrui;Wang Jingru(School of Architecture,Xi`an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;State Key Laboratory of Western Architecture&Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [2]西部建筑科技国家重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2022年第4期66-73,共8页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“秦岭北麓环境敏感区生态风险评价及空间管控”(51578437)。

摘　　要：厘清“格局-功能”关系能有效提升城市水源地生态系统服务功能质量与系统稳定,指导空间管控以缓解城市发展与环境保护之间的冲突。以秦岭北麓黑河流域为例,识别2000年、2010年、2020年空间格局演变及生态系统服务功能变化,通过地理探测器分析“格局-功能”关联较强的变量因子,藉由双变量局部Moran’sⅠ分析“格局-功能”关系与空间聚类特征,形成空间管控策略。结果表明:1)各景观类型均有明显数量结构变化,且空间分布差异明显;2)各生态系统服务功能服务量分别呈下降、上升与回落变化,南部山区与平原区服务量分布差异明显;3)因子探测显示14对景观类型转移同生态系统服务功能服务量变化有较强联系;4)“格局-功能”双变量空间自相关显示自然斑块损失、人工斑块扩张与生态系统服务变化的双变量空间自相关分别呈正相关与负相关,且主要表现为H-H、L-H空间聚类特征;5)H-H聚类、L-H聚类与不显著3种关系分别需要通过稳定、优化、修复的管控措施来维护、改善和提升生态系统服务质量与景观结构稳定性。Clarifying the “pattern-function” relationship can effectively improve the ecosystem services quality and system stability of urban water sources, and guide spatial management and control to alleviate the conflicts between urban development and environmental protection. The paper chooses the Heihe River watershed at the northern piedmont of Qinling Mountains to identify the evolution of spatial pattern and the changes in ecosystem services in 2000, 2010 and 2020, analyze the variable factors with strong “pattern-function” relationship using geographical detectors, and analyze the “pattern-function” relationship and spatial clustering characteristics with bivariate local Moran’s I, so as to develop the strategies for spatial management and control. The results show that: 1)There are obvious quantitative structural changes in each type of landscape, and the spatial distribution differences are obvious;2)The volume of each ecosystem services present the decline-rise-fall changes, and the distribution of service volume in southern mountainous area and plain areas is significantly different;3)Factor detection shows that the transfer of 14 pairs of landscape types is strongly related to the change in ecosystem services and service volume;4)The bivariate spatial autocorrelation of “pattern-function” shows that the loss of natural patches is positively correlated with and the expansion of artificial patches is negatively correlated with the local bivariate spatial autocorrelation of ecosystem services, respectively, which are manifested by H-H and L-H spatial clustering features;and 5)The three relationships of H-H clustering, L-H clustering and insignificance need the stability, optimization and restoration measures to maintain, improve and elevate the ecosystem service quality and landscape structure stability.

关 键 词：城市水源地 空间格局 生态系统服务功能 空间管控 秦岭北麓 

分 类 号：TU991.11[建筑科学—市政工程] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]