“一M不如一M”构式初探  

On the Construction of "One M is Inferior to One M"

作　　者：胡颖 HU Ying(College of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《唐山师范学院学报》2022年第4期47-52,共6页Journal of Tangshan Normal University

基　　金：上海师范大学研究生拔尖人才学术能力提升工程(AC9103-21-368012267)。

摘　　要：“一M不如一M”是现代汉语常用构式之一,句法结构上,符合差比句的基本结构,包括比较主体、比较基准、比较标记、比较点和比较值五个部分,不同于有固定两个比较项的一般比较句,该构式由具有明显指代功能的“一M”充当比较项。语义上,通过递次比较和周遍比较两种方式而产生了序列递减义和遍指否定义双重构式义,且两者具有历时联系。语用功能方面,主要表现为突显功能、主观性和评价功能三个方面。“One M is inferior to one M” is one of the commonly used constructions in modern Chinese. In terms of syntactic structure, it conforms to the basic structure of differential sentences, including comparison subject, comparison benchmark,comparison marker, comparison point and comparison value. Different from the general comparative sentence with two fixed comparative items, this construction uses “-M” which has obvious referential function as comparative item. Semantically, the sequential decreasing meaning and the universal denoting negative meaning are produced through the successive comparison and comprehensive comparison, and they are diachronically related. In terms of pragmatic function, it is mainly manifested in three aspects:salient function, subjectivity and evaluation function.

关 键 词：构式义 否定比较 突显 主观性 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]