义乌市小学生营养综合干预效果评价  

Effectiveness of comprehensive nutrition interventions among primary school students in Yiwu City

作　　者：孙楷城 陈劲华[2] 朱志宏[2] 黄葵青 傅爽 SUN Kaicheng;CHEN Jinghua;ZHU Zhihong;HUANG Kuiqing;FU Shuang(Department of Health Monitoring and Evaluation,Yiwu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yiwu,Zhejiang 322000,China;Yiwu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yiwu,Zhejiang 322000,China)

机构地区：[1]义乌市疾病预防控制中心卫生监测与评价科,浙江义乌322000 [2]义乌市疾病预防控制中心,浙江义乌322000

出　　处：《预防医学》2022年第9期964-967,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：义乌市科技局项目(19-3-141)。

摘　　要：目的评价浙江省义乌市小学生营养综合干预效果,为预防和控制儿童营养不良提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法抽取义乌市4所小学的三~五年级学生为研究对象,随机纳入干预组和对照组。干预组实施营养健康教育、身体活动促进、营养供餐支持和创建校园支持环境的综合干预措施,对照组不施加任何干预。分别在干预前和干预后1年调查两组小学生的营养健康知识知晓情况、饮食行为和营养状况,采用广义估计方程分析干预效果。结果纳入879人,其中干预组440人,男生243人,女生197人,男女性别比为1∶0.81,年龄为(10.47±0.99)岁;对照组439人,男生244人,女生195人,男女性别比为1∶0.80,年龄为(10.35±1.02)岁。干预后,干预组小学生“食物分类”“食物提供的7种营养素”“平均每天至少应吃12种食物”“每天食盐摄入量不宜超过6 g”“营养早餐的食物组成”“纯牛奶的营养标签”“每天体育活动时间应不少于60 min”“太胖或太瘦都会损害健康”的知晓率和早餐食物种类≥3种比例提高幅度大于对照组(均P<0.05);营养正常比例提高幅度与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论实施营养综合干预措施可以有效提高小学生营养健康知识知晓率,改善饮食行为。Objective To a evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive nutrition interventions among primary school students in Yiwu City,so as to provide insights into malnutrition control among children.Methods Grade 3 to 5 students were sampled from four primary schools in Yiwu City using a random cluster sampling method and randomly assigned into the intervention group and the control group.Students in the intervention group received comprehensive interventions,including nutritional health education,promotion of physical activities,nutritional meal support and creation of a nutritional campus,while students in the control group were given no interventions.The awareness of nutritional health knowledge,dietary behaviors and nutritional status were compared in students between the two groups prior to interventions and one year following interventions,and the effectiveness of interventions was evaluated using generalized estimating equations.Results Totally 879 students were enrolled.There were 440 students in the intervention group,including 243 males and 197 females,with a male to female ratio of 1︰0.81 and a mean age of(10.47±0.99)years;and there were 439 students in the control group,including 244 males and 195 females,with a male to female ratio of 1︰0.80 and a mean age of(10.35±1.02)years.Following comprehensive interventions,the awareness of“type of food”,“seven nutriments from food”,“eating at least 12 types of food daily”,“less than 6 g of daily salt intake”,“food composition in nutritional breakfast”,“nutritional labels of pure milk”,“no less than 60 min of daily exercise duration”and“too fat or too thin may threaten health”and the increase in the proportion of 3 and more types of food in breakfast were significantly higher among students in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05);however, there was no statistical difference in the proportion of normal nutrition between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive nutritional interventions may eff

关 键 词：小学生 营养干预 干预效果 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]