新冠肺炎疫情下3~6岁儿童心理行为问题的研究  

Psychological and behavioral problems of children aged 3-6 years during COVID-19

作　　者：张晓茹[1] 陈瑞 Zhang Xiaoru;Chen Rui(Ya'an Polytechnic College,Ya'an Sichuan 625000,China;Jiangsu Vocational College of Business,Nantong Jiangsu 226011,China)

机构地区：[1]雅安职业技术学院,四川雅安625000 [2]江苏商贸职业学院,江苏南通226011

出　　处：《保健医学研究与实践》2022年第8期10-15,共6页Health Medicine Research and Practice

基　　金：四川省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地—农村社区治理研究中心(SQZL2020B06);四川省教育发展研究中心-高师学前教育专业学生核心素养发展实证研究(CJF19067)。

摘　　要：目的 了解新冠肺炎疫情下3~6岁儿童心理行为状况及其影响因素。方法 采用Conners父母问卷对湖北省襄阳市320名儿童父母进行调查。结果 男童品行问题、学习问题、多动指数维度得分高于中国常模(均P<0.05),女童品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动、焦虑、多动指数维度得分高于常模(均P<0.05)。不同性别和家庭所在地的儿童心身问题维度得分差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),表现为女童高于男童,城市儿童高于农村儿童;看护人不同的儿童在品行问题、心身问题、冲动-多动维度上的得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),看护人为父母的儿童在上述维度上的得分均高于看护人为祖父母的儿童;所在区域有无确诊或疑似病例情况不同的儿童在品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动、焦虑、多动指数维度上的得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),所在区域有确诊或疑似病例的儿童在以上维度的得分均高于所在区域无确诊或疑似病例的儿童。儿童心理行为问题总检出率为21.6%,其中品行问题、冲动-多动、多动指数检出率均为5.3%,学习问题检出率为3.8%,焦虑检出率为1.9%。多重线性回归结果显示:所在区域是否有确诊或疑似病例对儿童心理行为的回归效应显著(P<0.05)。结论 疫情对3~6岁儿童心理行为影响较大,儿童心理行为问题的总检出率较高,其中品行问题、冲动-多动、多动指数检出率较高。所在区域有确诊或疑似病例是3~6岁儿童心理行为问题的高危因素,应引起家长和教育工作者的高度重视,以做好疫情期间儿童心理疏导。Objective To understand the psychological and behavioral status of children aged 3-6 years during COVID-19 and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 320 parents in Xiangyang city of Hubei province were surveyed using Conners’Parent Questionnaire.Results The scores of conduct problems,learning problems and hyperactivity index of boys were higher than those of the Chinese norm(all P<0.05);the scores of conduct problems,learning problems,impulsionhyperactivity,anxiety and hyperactivity index of girls were higher than those of the norm(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the scores of psychosomatic problem dimensions between children of different genders and family locations(both P<0.05),as shown by the higher scores in girls than boys,and the higher scores in urban children than rural children.There were significant differences in the scores of conduct problems,psychosomatic problems,and impulsion-hyperactivity dimensions between children with different caretakers(all P<0.05).The scores of children with caretakers as parents in the above dimensions were higher than those of children with caretakers as grandparents;there were significant differences in the scores of conduct problems,learning problems,impulsion-hyperactivity,anxiety,and hyperactivity index dimensions between children with confirmed or suspected cases of COVID-19 in the region where they were located(all P<0.05),and the scores of children with confirmed or suspected cases in the above dimensions were higher than those of children without confirmed or suspected cases in the region where they were located.The total detection rate of psycho-behavioral problems in children was 21.6%,in which the detection rates of conduct problems,impulsion-hyperactivity,and hyperactivity index were 5.3%,the detection rate of learning problems was 3.8%,and the detection rate of anxiety was 1.9%.The results of multiple linear regression showed that the regression effect of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases on children’s psychological behavior was

关 键 词：新冠病毒 3~6岁儿童 心理行为 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]