法国民事诉讼法中的“辩论权尊重原则”  

The Principle of Respect the Right of Defence in French Code of Civil Procedure

作　　者：张子弦 Zhang Zi-xian

机构地区：[1]日本新潟大学法学院

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（法学版）》2022年第3期144-159,共16页Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“民事诉讼当事人辩论权保障研究”(项目编号:17BFX051)的阶段性成果;日本学術振興会科学研究費助成事業(学術研究助成基金助成金)若手研究(課題番号22K13308)资助。

摘　　要：法国于19世纪初确立了当事人主义的民事诉讼模式,法国法中的“辩论权”起初被界定为自然法上的权利,后被赋予宪法价值。“辩论权尊重原则”是法国民事诉讼法的灵魂,贯穿整个诉讼程序。现代法国民事诉讼法通说认为,辩论权尊重原则包含对审原则,对审原则构成了辩论权尊重原则中最核心的部分。20世纪70年代起,为解决当事人主义审判方式带来的程序复杂效率低下等问题,法国民事诉讼法尝试在当事人主义框架内有限制地扩大法官职权。1975年颁行的《法国新民事诉讼法典》规定了“对审原则”,该原则与法官职权的关系成为争议焦点。近年,随着法国司法数字化改革不断深入,新型诉讼模式下对“辩论权尊重原则”的理解也发生了一定变化。France established the adversary system in early 19 th century, and the “right of defence” of parties in French law was initially defined as a right in natural law and then endowed with the constitutional value. The “principle of respect the right of defence” is the soul of French civil procedure law and runs through the entire procedure. The principle of respect the right of defence including the principle of adversarial proceedings. Since the 1970 s, in order to reduce the burden of the procedure brought by the adversary system, the French Civil Procedure Law has tried to extend the powers of judges without ruining the adversary system. The New French Civil Procedure Code prescribes “the principle of adversarial proceedings”, and the powers of judges has become the centre of the argument. In order to meet the needs of society, the “principle of respect the right of defence” has developed a lot of new contents. In recent years, according to the digital transformation of courts in France, several changes have taken place following the interpretation of these principles.

关 键 词：法国民事诉讼法 辩论权 辩论权尊重原则 对审原则 

分 类 号：D915[政治法律—诉讼法学]