盾构隧道管片接缝密封垫区域平衡优化方法  

A Regional Balanced Optimal Method for Segment Gasket of Shield Tunnels

作　　者：封坤[1] 谢宏明[1] 肖明清[2] 孟庆辉 何川[1] 孙文昊[2] 王士民[1] FENG Kun;XIE Hong-ming;XIAO Ming-qing;MENG Qing-hui;HE Chuan;SUN Wen-hao;WANG Shi-ming(Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2022年第7期184-192,共9页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878569,52078430)。

摘　　要：当前中国盾构隧道接缝密封垫设计多采用工程经验及类比方法,常需借助防水试验及大量的数值仿真进行优化设计,缺乏理论支撑。为提高密封垫的防水性能,同时降低密封垫的压缩反力以提高盾构隧道的拼装效率,提出了基于功能区划的盾构隧道管片接缝弹性密封垫设计方法,该方法通过力学分析,将单个密封垫横断面划分为3个功能区块,对其进行数学离散,并在几何边界条件的规定下,建立了单个密封垫力学平衡模型及考虑正常压缩与错位压缩情况下的密封垫简化力学模型。依据模型对密封垫进行优化设计,针对2种密封垫采用有限元方法进行数值分析,通过对压缩反力曲线、接触面应力等对比,分析2种形式密封垫的差异,并结合在最不利工况下进行的试验,通过对比两者的防水水压,验证设计方法的可行性。结果表明:通过调整接缝密封垫孔型能达到在不影响接触应力的条件下改变密封垫闭合压力的目的,开孔率及材料硬度对接缝密封垫受力影响较为一致;该设计法理论能够实现较好的优化效果,优化后的密封垫能够平衡各渗水路径的接触面应力及在不影响密封垫防水能力的前提下降低密封垫压缩反力。所提出的方法通过了数值分析及试验验证,可用于密封垫的初步选型与分析。The design of segment joint sealing gaskets of shield tunnels is often left to engineering experience and analogy methods in China. It is often necessary to optimize the design depending on a large number of waterproof tests and numerical simulations, without theoretical support. To improve the waterproof ability of a sealing gasket and reduce the closing force of the sealing gasket to improve the assembly efficiency of the shield tunnel, in this study, a design method for segment joint sealing gaskets for shield tunnels is proposed based on the division of the functional area against its cross-section. Using this method, the cross section of a single sealing gasket was divided into three functional blocks through mechanical analysis, and mathematical discretization was performed. Then, the force equilibrium model of a single sealing gasket and the simplified mechanical model were established considering normal compression and dislocation compression states according to the provisions of the geometric boundary. Correspondingly, the optimal design of a sealing gasket was determined according to the models. The finite element method was used for the numerical analysis of the two types of gaskets. The difference between the two types of sealing gaskets was analyzed by comparing the compression reaction curves and contact surface stresses. The feasibility of the design method was verified by comparing the waterproof water pressures of the two types of sealing gaskets under the most unfavorable conditions. The results show that by adjusting the hole shapes of the joint sealing gasket, the sealing gasket closing force can be changed without affecting the contact stress. The hole size ratio and material hardness have the same effect on the stress of the joint sealing gasket. The theory of this design method can help achieve a better optimization effect. The optimized sealing gasket can balance the contact stress of each seepage path and reduce the closing force of the sealing gasket without affecting its waterproofing a

关 键 词：隧道工程 盾构隧道 区域平衡优化方法 接缝密封垫 接缝防水试验 

分 类 号：U454[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]