怀化地区水稻优等气候品质时空分布特征分析  

Analysis on Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Excellent Climatic Quality Conducive to Rice in the Huaihua Area

作　　者：易永 李民华[2] 张伟[2] 黄安凤[2] 肖健 I Yong;LI Min-hua;ZHANG Wei;HUANG An-feng;XIAO Jian(Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control Technology for Wuling-Mountain Ecological Agriculture in Hunan Province,Huaihua 418000,PRC;Huaihua Meteorological Bureau,Huaihua 418000,PRC)

机构地区：[1]武陵片区生态农业智能控制技术重点实验室,湖南怀化418000 [2]怀化市气象局,湖南怀化418000

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第8期40-45,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：武陵片区生态农业智能控制技术湖南省重点实验室资助项目(ZNKZN2020-6)。

摘　　要：基于怀化地区107个自动气象站2011—2020年的气象资料,从整精米率、垩白度、碱消值和综合品质4个角度分析了该地区适宜水稻生产的气候品质。结果表明:怀化地区最佳优等气候品质区为海拔300~600 m的东部雪峰山、北部武陵山、西部云贵高原余脉等中低山区;而大河河谷地带及海拔800~900 m的高山区因为优等垩白度气候品质时段和优等碱消值气候品质时段重合度差导致其综合优等气候品质时段较短。从优等气候品质考虑,怀化市海拔300 m以下的地区最好将水稻抽穗期安排在8月下旬至9月上旬,海拔300~500 m的地区最好安排在8月中旬中期至下旬,海拔500 m以上的地区最好安排在8月中旬,高寒山区最好安排在7月下旬至8月上旬。Based on the data of 107 automatic weather stations in the Huaihua area from 2011 to 2020,the climatic qualities are analyzed for head milled rice rate,chalkiness,alkali spreading value and comprehensive quality.It is concluded that the best climate quality areas in Huaihua are the middle-and low-altitude mountain areas(300-600 m)such as Xuefeng Mountain in the east,Wuling Mountain in the north and the stretching branch of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west;the excellent climate quality period is short in the river valley and the high mountain area with an altitude of 800-900 m,resutling from the poor overlapping of the optimal climate periods between chalkiness and alkali spreading value.Considering superior climate quality,it is best to arrange rice heading period from late August to early September at the altitude below 300 m,from August 15th to late August at the altitude 300-500 m,in mid-August at the altitude above 500 m,and from late July to early August in the cold highland area.

关 键 词：水稻 气候品质 垩白度 整精米率 碱消值 怀化 

分 类 号：S162.2[农业科学—农业气象学]