石菖蒲抗癫痫的药理机制研究进展  

Antiepileptic Pharmacological Mechanism of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma:A Review

作　　者：陈灼 王豆[1,2] 李涛 张慧[1,2] 马建福 闫咏梅[1,2] CHEN Zhuo;WANG Dou;LI Tao;ZHANG Hui;MA Jianfu;YAN Yongmei(Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China;Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学,陕西咸阳712046 [2]陕西中医药大学附属医院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2022年第18期261-268,共8页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：陕西省科学技术厅创新能力支撑计划项目(2017KCT-26);陕西中医药大学学科创新团队建设项目(2019-YL03)。

摘　　要：癫痫是一种反复发作的脑部神经元高度同步化异常放电的神经系统疾病,该病发病机制异常复杂,与神经递质调节、氧化应激反应、炎症因子、神经胶质细胞以及基因的异常表达等多种原因关系密切。目前国内外西医主要是采用苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠、卡马西平等药物治疗,但是长期服用也会产生一定的不良反应。而祖国医学认为癫痫的发病多与风、火、痰、瘀有关,可致脏腑功能失调、气机逆乱、最终元神失控,近年来中医药治疗癫痫已经取得了一定的疗效,其中石菖蒲作为抗癫痫的高频用药,具有开窍豁痰、醒神益智、化湿开胃的功效,临床上已被广泛应用。该文通过查阅相关药理学研究和动物实验方面的文献,阐述了癫痫的发病机制以及石菖蒲提取物和化学成分治疗癫痫的药理学机制,发现石菖蒲在调节神经递质水平、抗氧化应激反应,清除氧自由基、调节c-fos基因的表达、减少炎症介质水平、抗神经元凋亡、调控胶质细胞以及调节血脑屏障通透性等方面发挥作用。该文对石菖蒲在癫痫治疗方面的积极作用加以归纳总结,为石菖蒲防治癫痫的推广应用提供科学依据。Epilepsy is a recurrent neurological disease with synchronous abnormal high discharge of neurons in the brain.The pathogenesis of this disease is extremely complex,which is closely related to neurotransmitter regulation,oxidative stress response,inflammatory factors,neuroglial cell,and abnormal gene expression.Western medicine mainly uses phenobarbital,phenytoin sodium,carbamazepine,and other drugs,but long-term use also produces certain toxic and side effects.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that the pathogenesis of epilepsy is related to wind,fire,phlegm,and blood stasis,which leads to dysfunction of viscera,disorder of Qi movement,and finally uncontrolled spirit.In recent years,TCM has achieved certain curative effects on the treatment of epilepsy.As a high-frequency antiepileptic drug,Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma has the effects of opening orifices and eliminating phlegm,awakening spirit and benefiting intelligence,and removing dampness and opening stomach,which has been widely used in clinic.In this paper,the pathogenesis of epilepsy and the pharmacological mechanism of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma extract and chemical components in the treatment of epilepsy were expounded by referring to relevant pharmacological studies and animal experiments.It was found that Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma played a role in regulating the neurotransmitter level,antioxidant stress response,scavenging oxygen free radicals,regulating the expression of c-fos gene,reducing the level of inflammatory mediators,resisting neuronal apoptosis,and regulating the neuroglial cells and the permeability of blood-brain barrier.This paper summarizes the positive effects of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma on the treatment of epilepsy,and provides a scientific basis for the popularization and application of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma in the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.

关 键 词：石菖蒲 细辛醚 癫痫 药理机制 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学] R22R285.5R284R33