11株鲑源嗜冷黄杆菌药物敏感性分析  

Analysis on Antimicrobial Susceptibility of 11 Flavobacterium psychrophilum Isolates Recovered from Salmonids

作　　者：刘媛媛[1,2] 宋健 樊丹 王荻 邓福容[2,3] 李绍戊 刘敏[1] LIU Yuanyuan;SONG Jian;FAN Dan;WANG Di;DENG Furong;LI Shaowu;LIU Min(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150070,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150038 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所/黑龙江省水生动物病害与免疫重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [3]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第4期976-987,共12页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：【目的】由嗜冷黄杆菌(Flavobacterium psychrophilum)引起的细菌性冷水病是造成国内外鲑科鱼类养殖巨大经济损失的细菌性疾病之一。通过对我国东北地区临床分离的鲑源嗜冷黄杆菌的药敏特性进行比较分析,以期对该菌引发疾病的防治提供基础数据和用药指导。【方法】采用微量肉汤稀释法检测11株嗜冷黄杆菌分离株对20种抗菌药物的敏感性,并进一步探讨其药物敏感性与时空分布和宿主的关联性。【结果】分离株普遍对链霉素、甲氧苄啶敏感性低,对利福平、呋喃唑酮等敏感;分离自黑龙江省的菌株对链霉素和甲氧苄啶的药物敏感性较低,MIC值分别达到32μg/mL(50%)和16μg/mL(75%);吉林省菌株对链霉素、甲氧苄啶的药物敏感性较低,分别达到32μg/mL(33.3%)和16μg/mL(66.7%)。白点鲑源、美洲红点鲑源和亚东鲑源分离株对链霉素和甲氧苄啶药物敏感性较低,MIC均达到16μg/mL以上;白点鲑源分离株对新霉素和氯霉素表现出较低的药物敏感性,美洲红点鲑源分离株则对甲砜霉素、氟甲喹和恶喹酸表现出较低的药物敏感性。【结论】2019—2020年我国东北地区临床分离的嗜冷黄杆菌分离株对氟甲喹、恶喹酸、左氧氟沙星、庆大霉素、四环素、氨苄西林、氟苯尼考等药物的敏感性均呈现升高趋势,建议选用恩诺沙星对嗜冷黄杆菌引起的细菌性冷水病进行防治。[Objective]Bacterial cold water disease caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum has been one of the bacterial diseases that cause huge economic losses in salmonids aquaculture worldwide.In order to provide the basic data and medication guidance for prevention and treatment of the diseases caused by F. psychrophilum,the drug sensitivity characteristics of F. thermophilum isolated from salmon in northeast China were analyzed.[Method]In this study,the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of 20 antimicrobial agents against 11 F. psychrophilum isolates were assessed by using the broth micro-dilution method to investigate the relationship between drug sensitivity,spatial and temporal distribution and host.[Result]The results indicated that the isolates showed generally a low level of sensitivity to to streptomycin,trimethoprim and sensitive to rifampicin,and furazolone.In terms of regions,F. psychrophilum isolates from Heilongjiang Province showed a low level of sensitivity to streptomycin and trimethoprim with the MIC values of 32 μg/mL(50%)and 16 μg/mL(75%),respectively.F. psychrophilum isolates from Jilin province exhibited a low level of sensitivity to streptomycin and trimethoprim with the MIC values of 32 μg/mL(33.3%)and 16 μg/mL(66.7%),respectively. In terms of the host,F. psychrophilum isolates from Salvelinus leucomaenis,Salvelinus fontinalis and Salmo trutta showed a low level sensitivity to streptomycin and trimethoprim with the MIC value of more than 16 μg/mL.The isolates from Salvelinus leucomaenis showed a low level of sensitivity to neomycin and chloramphenicol,and the isolates from Salvelinus fontinalis showed a low level of sensitivity to sulfoxycin,fluoromexaquine and aquaquic acid.[Conclusion]The isolated F. psychrophilum strains in northeast China showed a trend of increasing susceptibility to flumequine,oxolinic,levofloxacin,gentamicin,tetracyclines,ampicillin and florfenicol from 2019to 2020.In breeding salmon trout,enrofloxacin is recommended to prevent bacterial cold water disease caused b

关 键 词：嗜冷黄杆菌 鲑科鱼类 药物敏感性 微量肉汤稀释法 最小抑菌浓度 

分 类 号：S941[农业科学—水产养殖]