黑龙江双阳河流域土壤-作物-人体系统中硒元素及生态环境与人体健康评价  

Geochemical characteristics and evaluation of ecological environment and human health of selenium in soil-crop-human system in Shuangyang River Basin,Heilongjiang

作　　者：梁帅 戴慧敏[1,2,3] 刘国栋 翟富荣 刘凯 韩晓萌[1,2,3] 宋运红 赵君 张哲寰[1,2,3] LIANG Shuai;DAI Huimin;LIU Guodong;ZHAI Furong;LIU Kai;HAN Xiaomeng;SONG Yunhong;ZHAO Jun;ZHANG Zhehuan(Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect,Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China;Liaoning Provincial Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China;Xi'an Center of China Geological Survey,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]自然资源部黑土地演化与生态效应重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034 [3]辽宁省黑土地演化与生态效应重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034 [4]辽宁省地质矿产研究院有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110034 [5]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国地质》2022年第4期1064-1074,共11页Geology in China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20190520)资助。

摘　　要：【研究目的】典型黑土地分布区土壤硒自然禀赋、成因来源、生态环境效应及人体健康评价为健康地质研究焦点,开展双阳河流域土壤-作物-人体系统中硒迁移与累积的定量研究,对黑土地富硒农产品开发和地方病防治具有重要意义。【研究方法】测定成土母质、土壤、大气降尘、灌溉水、作物籽实和人发等多介质硒含量,运用GIS、SPSS软件对测试结果统计分析及评价。【研究结果】划定富硒土地46.4 km^(2),主要沿双阳河及其支流分布;硒以人为成因为主,主要来源于大气降尘补充,输入通量为0.21~1.47 kg/km^(2)·a。土壤、大豆、水稻、玉米和人发硒含量均值为0.305 mg/kg、0.0352 mg/kg、0.0287 mg/kg、0.0198 mg/kg和0.145 mg/kg;作物对土壤硒的富集系数(0.120)远小于1,人发对作物硒的富集系数(4.834)大于1,揭示人发对硒具有较强的浓缩和放大作用,硒在土壤-作物-人体系统中的迁移与积累呈“V”字型模式。【结论】土壤硒含量整体为足硒或富硒,无硒潜在环境风险。大豆、水稻富硒占比为28.4%、9.4%,未发现硒超标情况,无生物硒中毒风险。人发硒含量明显低于参考值0.20~0.60 mg/kg,人体处于缺硒状态,随年龄增长呈递减趋势,可能存在一定的健康风险,应引起地方相关部门关注。[Objective]The natural endowment,genetic source,ecological environment effect and human health evaluation of soil selenium in typical black soil distribution areas are the research focus of healthy geology,a quantitative study on the migration and accumulation of selenium in the soil-crop-human system in the Shuangyang River Basin was carried out.The development of selenium-rich agricultural products in black soil and the prevention and control of endemic diseases are of great significance.[Methods]The selenium content of parent material,soil,atmospheric dust,irrigation water,crop seeds and human hair was determined,and the results were statistically analyzed and evaluated by GIS and SPSS software.[Results]The selenium-enriched land is 46.4 km^(2),mainly distributed along the Shuangyang River and its tributaries;the selenium is largely caused by human beings,mainly from atmospheric dust supplementation with an input flux of 0.21-1.47kg/km^(2)·a.The mean selenium contents of soil,soybean,rice,corn and human hair are 0.305 mg/kg,0.0352 mg/kg,0.0287 mg/kg,0.0198 mg/kg and 0.145 mg/kg.The enrichment coefficient of selenium from crops to soil(0.120)is much less than 1,and the enrichment coefficient of selenium from human hair to crops(4.834)is greater than 1,indicating that human hair has a strong concentration and amplification effect on selenium.The migration and accumulation of selenium in the soil-crop-human system shows a"V"-shaped pattern.[Conclusions]In general,the selenium content in the soil is sufficient or rich with no potential environmental risk.Soybean and rice are rich in selenium,accounting for 28.4%and 9.4%,with no selenium exceeding the standard and poisoning in organisms.The content of selenium in human hair is significantly lower than the reference value of 0.20-0.60 mg/kg,indicating that the human body is in a state of selenium deficiency,and the selenium content tends to decrease with age.There may be certain health risks,which should arouse the attention of local relevant departments.

关 键 词：硒 土壤 作物 人发 人体健康 黑土地质量 环境地质调查工程 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]