个人信息保护公益诉讼条款的语义分析  

Semantic Analysis of Public Interest Litigation Clauses for the Protection of Personal Information

作　　者：张睿 舒瑶芝[1] ZHANG Rui;SHU Yaozhi(School of Law,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学法学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（人文科学版）》2022年第3期43-49,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Humanities Sciences)

基　　金：最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“在线诉讼的民事检察监督研究”(编号:GJ2018C38)。

摘　　要：《个人信息保护法》第七十条正式确立了个人信息保护公益诉讼制度,用以防止个人信息被公开或者被贩卖等不法行为,维护不特定多数人的正当利益。个人信息保护公益诉讼条款由违法行为、所涉法益和诉权主体三部分组成。就违法行为而言,违法主体是个人信息处理者,违法行为需根据法条规定进行类型化分析;就所涉法益而言,必须是侵犯不特定多数人的合法权益,才能被纳入个人信息保护公益诉讼的范围;就诉权主体而言,现行法律只授权检察机关、法律规定的消费者组织和国家网信部门确定的组织可以提起个人信息保护公益诉讼,排除了行政机关和个人的公益诉权。准确理解个人信息保护公益诉讼制度对于维护不特定多数人正当权益、保护社会公共利益具有重要意义。The 70th Article of The Personal Information Protection Law formally establishes the public interest litigation system for the protection of personal information,which is used to prevent illegal acts such as personal information being disclosed or sold,safeguarding the legitimate interests of an unspecified majority.The public interest litigation clauses for the personal information protection consist of three parts:illegal acts,the legal interests involved,and the subject of litigation rights.In terms of illegal acts,the subject of the offense is the processor of personal information,and the illegal acts need to be analyzed in the form of categorization in accordance with the provisions of the law;as far as the legal interests involved are concerned,it must be the violation of an unspecified majority of people’s legitimate rights and interests that can be brought into the scope of the public interest litigation for the protection of personal information;as for the subject of just claim,the existing law only authorizes procuratorial organs,consumer organizations stipulated by law,and organizations determined by the national network information department to initiate public interest litigation for the protection of personal information,excluding the public interest litigation rights of administrative organs and individuals.An accurate understanding of the public interest litigation system for the protection of personal information is of high significance not only for the safeguard of an unspecified majority of people’s legitimate rights and interests but also for the protection of social public interests.

关 键 词：个人信息保护公益诉讼 公共利益 违法行为 诉权主体 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]