土地利用视角下重庆市巴南区洪灾风险评估研究  

Flood Risk Assessment in Ba’nan District of Chongqing from the Perspective of Land Use

作　　者：何清芸 牟凤云[1] 马英[2] 黄淇 田甜 HE Qingyun;MU Fengyun;MA Ying;HUANG Qi;TIAN Tian(College of Smart City,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074;State Information Center Department of Public Technical Services,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学智慧城市学院,重庆400074 [2]国家信息中心公共技术服务部,北京100045

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期61-69,共9页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFB2102500);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0626)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了丰富洪灾风险评估研究角度,针对土地利用情况分析重庆市巴南区洪灾风险性。【方法】选择9个土地利用和水文地理因子建立风险指标评价体系,结合层次分析法、熵权法和土地利用动态度模型,进行巴南区洪灾风险评估,分析2000—2020年巴南区洪灾各等级风险区内各土地利用类型的时空分异情况。【结果】1)巴南区洪灾低、极低风险区面积占比低于50%,全区洪灾风险性较高;区内洪灾高、极高风险区主要分布在鱼洞街道、一品街道、木洞镇、接龙镇等区域。2)巴南区洪灾高、极高风险区面积占比最大的土地利用类型为耕地,受洪灾威胁较大;2000—2020年,洪灾高、极高风险区内人造地表面积迅速增加,土地利用动态度高达27.31%,由耕地转化而来的面积最大,为13.90km^(2)。【结论】研究结果提示巴南区需要加强农田水利防洪及城市防洪排涝工程建设,并对区内河道进行防洪治理。[Purposes]In order to enrich the research angle of flood risk assessment,the flood risk of Ba’nan district in Chongqing was analyzed according to the land use.[Methods]Nine indicators including land use and hydrogeography were selected to establish a risk index evaluation system.The risk assessment of flood disasters in Ba’nan district was carried out by combining the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),the entropy weight method and the land use dynamic attitude model,the spatial and temporal differences of land use types in flood risk areas of Ba’nan district from 2000to 2020were analyzed.[Findings]1)The proportion of low and very low risk areas in Ba’nan district was less than 50%,and the flood risk of the whole district was high,and the high and very high risk areas were mainly distributed in Yudong street,Yipin street,Mudong town and Jilong town.2)In Ba’nan district,the highest proportion of the high-flood and very high-risk areas is cultivated land,which is more threatened by flood,and from 2000to 2020,the man-made land surface area in the high-flood and very high-risk areas increased rapidly,and the dynamic degree of land use was as high as 27.31%,and the area converted from cultivated land was the largest,which was 13.90km^(2).[Conclusions]The findings suggest that Ba’nan district needs to strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy and urban flood control and waterlogging drainage projects,and carry out flood control and control measures for river courses in the region.

关 键 词：土地利用 洪灾 风险评估 重庆市 巴南区 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]