德国汉学家卡尔 ·阿恩德及其现代汉语研究述论  

A Review of German Sinologist Carl Arendt and His Modern Chinese Studies

作　　者：汤春艳[1] TANG Chunyan(School of Foreign Languages,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学外国语学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期97-110,共14页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：德 国汉学家卡尔 ·阿恩德的现代汉语研究成果《汉语研究导论》(1891)、《北方官话入门》(1894)及《汉语》(1900)始终秉持对既往汉学家(如马礼逊、威绥玛、甲伯连孜、穆麟德等)的批判性态度,对汉语方言间、书面语与口语间的差别及语音、词法和语法等进行了深入研究,对南北官话之辨、现代汉语的规律性、汉语口语和书面语的发展趋势等问题提出了独到的认识。阿恩德现代汉语学术思想既有对前人(威廉 ·冯 ·洪堡、弗朗茨 ·葆朴及海曼 ·斯坦塔尔)的传承,又有基于语料实证调查而对他们提出的批判,值得关注。结合卡尔 ·阿恩德的时代背景及学术立场综述并批判性分析其现代汉语研究成果,可以为汉语史研究提供切实的史料和他者视域的参照。In works of the German Sinologist Carl Arendt“Introduction to Chinese Studies”(1891), “Introduction to Northern Mandarin Chinese”(1894) and “The Chinese Language”(1900), a critical attitude towards past sinologists(such as Robert Morrison, Thomas F. Wade, von Gabelentz, Paul Georg von Mollendorff, etc.) has always been maintained. He conducts in-depth research on the differences between Chinese dialects, written and spoken languages, as well as phonetics, morphology and grammar, etc., and puts forward a unique understanding of issues such as the distinction between northern and southern Mandarin, the regularity of modern Chinese, and the development trend of spoken and written Chinese. Carl Arendt’s academic thoughts on modern Chinese have not only inherited the thoughts of his predecessors(Wilhelm von Humboldt, Franz Bopp, and Heymann Steinthal), but also embraced criticism on them based on his own empirical investigations, thus his works are worthy of attention. This article summarizes his times background as well as academic standpoint and critically analyzes Carl Arendt’s modern Chinese research results, thereby providing practical corpus and references from other’s perspectives for the study of Chinese language history.

关 键 词：德国 汉学家 卡尔·阿恩德 现代汉语 

分 类 号：H109.4[语言文字—汉语] H33