女性生育与职业发展——来自中国上市公司女性高管的证据  

Fertility and Career Development——Evidence from Female Executives of Publicly Listed Firms

作　　者：葛润 施新政[2] 陆瑶[2] 丁若泓 GE Run;SHI Xinzheng;LU Yao;DING Ruohong(Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院 [2]清华大学经济管理学院,100084 [3]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《经济学（季刊）》2022年第4期1235-1258,共24页China Economic Quarterly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71673155);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(71722001);清华大学自主科研计划资助(2021THZWJC14);清华大学自主科研计划文科专项项目(2021THZWYY09);清华大学中国现代国企研究院项目(iSOEYB202211)的资助;国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD076)的资助。

摘　　要：本文使用上市公司高管数据,研究全面二孩政策对育龄女性高管职业表现及其受聘的影响。结果表明,政策使得国有企业在位育龄女性高管年薪上涨,离职减少,且受聘人数下降;相比国有企业,非国有企业受到的影响较小。可能的解释是,政策提高了育龄女性努力工作的成本,所以企业提高薪酬以激励她们继续努力工作,但这也降低了企业的收益,因此这一群体受聘人数下降;相比非国有企业,国有企业更难掌握高管的努力程度,因此其对政策的反应更加明显。The impact of the universal two-child policy on hiring and job performance of female senior managers in fertile age is studied in this paper.The results show that in state-owned enterprises(SOE),the salary of female executives increases,while the turnover rate and the recruitment of females decrease after the policy.Compared with SOEs,non-SOEs are less affected.An explanation is that the policy increases cost of hard-working for women,firms have to increase salaries to motivate them.But this also reduces the profits of the company,so the number of hires decreases.Compared with non-SOEs,information asymmetry is severer in SOEs,so SOEs are more affected.

关 键 词：全面二孩政策 女性劳动力就业 上市公司高管与治理 

分 类 号：F272.91[经济管理—企业管理] F832.51[经济管理—国民经济] C913.68[社会学]