晋唐百工伎巧社会身份地位变迁考论  

A Study on the Changes That Affected the Social Status of Specialised Artisans during the Jin and Tang Dynasties

作　　者：韩刚[1] Han Gang

机构地区：[1]四川大学哲学系,四川成都610207

出　　处：《艺术探索》2022年第4期6-21,共16页Arts Exploration

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金艺术学一般项目“晋唐艺术观念变迁研究”(18BA010)。

摘　　要：晚唐五代以前,百工伎巧社会身份地位的变迁大致经历了西汉末以前、西汉末至初唐与盛中晚唐三个阶段。第一阶段,百工伎巧与其他职业的区别主要体现在职业分工上,并无尊卑之别;第二阶段,士大夫看轻百工伎巧成为一种社会文化心理或舆论力量,百工伎巧社会身份地位降低;第三阶段,其社会身份地位得到逐步、有效提升。这种变迁与中古时期士族思想、制度的变迁是同步的,也受到随佛教文化传入的天竺种姓思想与制度的影响。Before the late Tang and Five dynasties,the social status of artisans went through three distinct stages that spanned from the late Western Han to the early,and prosperous middle and late Tang eras.In the first stage,the difference between artisans and other occupations was mainly reflected in the distribution of labor,with absence of any form of hierarchic distinction.During the second stage,the contempt of scholars and government officials vis-à-vis the artisan class gradually turned into a cultural and psychological phenomenon,as well as a form of power grounded in public opinion which finally caused the artisan class’social status to sink.Throughout the third stage,the artisans’social status improved gradually and effectively.This turn of events was coeval with changes that occurred in the ways of thinking and medieval system of nobility,and was also influenced by the ideas and Indian caste system that were introduced along with the Buddhist culture.

关 键 词：晋唐 百工伎巧 身份地位 变迁 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] J120.9[政治法律—中外政治制度] K23[艺术—艺术理论]