永泰公主墓出土彩绘骑马俑的科技研究  

A scientific analysis of the color-painted horse-riding pottery figures found in Princess Yongtai’s tomb

作　　者：付文斌 侯鲜婷 白璐 荆海燕[1] Fu Wenbin;Hou Xianting;Bai Lu;Jing Haiyan

机构地区：[1]陕西历史博物馆,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《文博》2022年第4期89-96,共8页

摘　　要：本文采用超景深显微镜、分光测色仪、X射线荧光光谱仪、扫描电镜能谱仪和显微共聚焦激光拉曼光谱仪等对永泰公主墓出土的28件彩绘骑马俑进行科技分析,获取其颜料的保存现状、颜料组成和结构、胎体及内部金属芯的组成等方面的信息。分析结果表明:骑马俑的彩绘颜料主要为赤铁矿、朱砂和石青等矿物颜料,其装饰方式为先在陶胎上用铅白打底,之后再施颜料或贴金。胎体不同部位元素含量接近,马腿内部金属芯为铁芯,其锈蚀膨胀加速了马腿的开裂。可为同类文物的保护修复及后期保存提供科学依据。This article applies an ultra-depth microscope,spectrophotometer,X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,energy dispersive spectrometer and confocal Raman spectroscopy and performs a scientific analysis of 28 painted pottery horse-riding figures discovered at the Princess Yongtai’s tomb.This is to obtain information on several aspects,including the current status of conservation,compositions and structures of the coloring pigments,and bodies and inner metal cores of the pottery figures.The analytical results show that the main colouring pigments are hematite,cinnabar,and azurite,which were painted onto the pottery body after a layer of lead-white background was applied.Some pottery figures were covered in gold.The elements of different parts of the body are close to each other,whilst the inner core of the horse legs are made of iron.The rusting and swelling processes of the metal led to cracks of the legs.This research provides scientific evidence to the reinstallation and conservation of similar objects in the future.

关 键 词：永泰公主 彩绘陶 骑马俑 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学] K879.3[理学—化学]