施肥方式对闽彩薯4号脱毒苗农艺性状及微型薯繁育的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Methods on the Agronomic Characters of Virus-freeSeedlings of Mincaishu No.4 and the Breeding of Mini-potato

作　　者：许泳清[1] 许国春 李华伟[1] 纪荣昌[1] 罗文彬[1] 汤浩[1] XU Yong-qing;XU Guo-chun;LI Hua-wei;JI Rong-chang;LUO Wen-bin;TANG Hao(Institute of Crop Sciences,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Fujian Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Dry Crop Variety Breeding,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所/农业农村部南方薯类观测实验站/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2022年第6期43-47,共5页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R1031004);中国农业科学院、福建省人民政府“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021019-ZWS01);福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(zycxny2021005);福建省农业科学院自由探索项目(ZYTS2021002);固原市科技研发类计划项目(2021GYKYF041)。

摘　　要：为探索马铃薯闽彩薯4号繁育微型薯的最佳施肥方式,为马铃薯闽彩薯4号微型薯高效生产提供科学依据。以彩色马铃薯新品种闽彩薯4号脱毒苗为试验材料,探讨不同施肥方式下对马铃薯脱毒苗农艺性状和微型薯产量的影响。结果表明:T2和T1处理株高(64.67 cm、64.33 cm)、叶面积值(237.96、185.49)最大,与其他处理差异达显著水平。T2处理的平均结薯数、平均单株薯重、大中薯率最高,分别为1.84粒·株^(-1)、12.42 g·株^(-1)和39%。综上,闽彩薯4号脱毒苗的最佳施肥方式为T2处理,即以有机肥1.27 kg·m^(-2)作基肥;在定植后15 d时喷施1次1/2MS营养液,30 d时喷施1次MS营养液,45 d时喷施1次2MS营养液。在该施肥方式下,闽彩薯4号生长最好,原原种生产效益最高。In order to explore the best fertilization method for the breeding of mini-potato of Mincaishu No.4,and provide scientific basis for the high-efficient production of the mini-potato of Mincaishu No.4,the effects of different fertilization methods on the agronomic traits of virus-free seedlings of potato and the yield of mini-potato were explored by taking the virus-free seedlings of the new color potato variety,Mincaishu No.4 as the experimental materials.The results showed that the plant height(64.67 cm,64.33 cm),and leaf area(237.96,185.49)of T2 and T1 treatments were the highest,which were significantly different from other treatments.The average tuber number,the average tuber weight per plant and the large and medium tuber rate of T2 treatment were the highest,which were 1.84 grain·plant^(-1),12.42 g·plant^(-1) and 39%,respectively.In summary,the best fertilization method for the virus-free seedlings of Mincaishu No.4 was T2 treatment,which was that the organic fertilizer(1.27 kg·m^(-2)) was used as the base fertilizer,1/2 MS nutrient solution was sprayed once at 15 d after transplanting,MS nutrient solution was sprayed once at 30 d after transplanting,and 2 MS nutrient solution was sprayed once at 45 d after transplanting.Under this fertilization method,Mincaishu No.4 grew best and the original seed had the highest production efficiency.

关 键 词：马铃薯 脱毒试管苗 微型薯 施肥 闽彩薯4号 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]