特大城市舒适度与中老年情绪健康的响应机制分析  

Analysis on Comfort in Megacities and Response Mechanism of Middle-Aged and Elderly People’s Emotional Health

作　　者：黄焕春[1] 邓鑫 陈图农[3] 朱柏葳 刘俊杰[5] HUANG Huanchun;DENG Xin;CHEN Tunong;ZHU Bowei;LIU Junjie

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院 [2]安徽东华生态规划院有限公司 [3]南京医科大学附属脑科医院 [4]澳门科技大学人文艺术学院,中国澳门 [5]天津大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2022年第4期54-61,共8页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971717)。

摘　　要：全球城市化与气候变化背景下,城市微气候的改变给居民带来了严重的心理健康危害。其中微气候的舒适度对情绪健康的影响机制,是需要进一步明确的科学问题。本文基于高温热浪天的情绪问卷调查及实测温度、湿度、风速数据,利用GIS、SPSS和MATLAB等软件分析探讨热舒适度对40岁以上中老年人群的负向情绪影响。研究结果表明:高温热浪天气,随着舒适度指数的升高,中老年人情绪健康影响总体呈上升的特征,在不同的性别和年龄中存在差异;舒适度对负向情绪因子分为不受影响、影响较微弱、影响较明显3种类型,不同的类型具有不同的情绪状态;舒适度指数与负向情绪因子的影响程度存在明显线型差异,影响程度依次是:心烦>易怒>紧张>敌意;随着舒适度指数的升高,情绪因子的受影响程度呈现阶段性的变化。舒适度对心烦、易怒、紧张的影响呈起伏波动,敌意呈单调递增加趋势;通过本研究以期为健康城市规划和风景园林设计,提供城市微气候健康调节的理论基础。Against the backdrop of global urbanization and climate change,urban heat island(UHI) has been increasing in both intensity and area.As a result,heat waves in summer become more intensified,frequent,and extensive,causing changes in urban microclimate,and posing serious threats on the mental health of residents.How the comfort level of microclimate affects residents’ emotional health,in particular,needs further exploration.This study,based on the theories and practices of emotional health measurement,constructed a scale of how summer comfort affects urban residents’ emotion.In addition,according to questionnaire survey,and temperature,humidity,and wind velocity measured in high-temperature days with heat waves,this study analyzed how thermal comfort affects the negative emotions of middle-aged and elderly population(over 40 years old) via GIS,SPSS and MATLAB.Results show that in high-temperature days with heat waves,as comfort level rises,its effect on the emotional health of middle-aged and elderly people rises in general,with variations in different genders and age groups.Major factors of comfort’s influence on emotion are temperature,humidity and wind velocity.In detail,temperature has the largest influence on irritability,then on distress;humidity is not significantly correlated with nervousness,yet negatively correlated with distress,hostility,and irritability;wind velocity,on the other hand,affects negative emotion by causing distress.This study employed unsupervised learning neutral network model to analyze the types of influence on emotion.Results show that comfort yields three types of influences on negative emotion—noninfluence,mild-influence,and significant influence,each with different emotional state.Comfort’s influence on irritability is demonstrated as a cubic curve—as comfort level rises,irritability rises constantly;during 93-95,influence gradually dwindles.The influence of comfort on negative emotion has a clear linear order:distress > irritability > nervousness > hostility;as comfort

关 键 词：舒适度 负向情绪 情绪健康 影响机制 

分 类 号：TU984.199[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]