从“讲理”到“说情”:消解人权观念冲突的叙事思路  

From“Reasoning”to“Intercession”:A Narrative Approach to Dispel the Conflict on Human Rights Concepts

作　　者：高礼杰[1] Gao Lijie

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学马克思主义法哲学研究中心、重庆市人文社科重点研究基地文学平工作室

出　　处：《人权》2022年第4期46-62,共17页Human Rights

基　　金：教育部青年项目“法官认知风格差异对审判影响的实证研究”(项目批准号:2017YJC820009);重庆市教委基地项目“全人类共同价值的中国声音、中国意蕴和中国贡献研究”(项目批准号:22SKJD015)资助。

摘　　要：人权理论和实践中的重要疑难在于:一方面,既成事实的多元人权观念必然产生冲突,但政治生活交往实践有必要诉诸人权观念的某种同一性;另一方面,以道德判断为核心的人权证成思路却无法提供这种同一性,人们对道德证成的前提和结果均莫衷一是。出路在于返回人权起点,返回人权的情感功能。以情感理解为核心的人权叙事思路,有助于增强多元人权观念间的理解和包容,有助于消解人权的“普遍性—相对性”。因此,从证成到叙事的思路转化,把人权观念建立在“说情”而不是“讲理”的基础上,为人权观念冲突提供了一种柔化的和解思路。The key difficulties in human rights theory and practice are as follows:On the one hand,the multiple human rights concepts of fait accompli are bound to conflict,but it is necessary to resort to some identity of human rights concepts in the real political life;on the other hand,the thought of human rights proof with moral judgment at the core cannot provide such identity,and people have no agreement on the premise and result of moral proof.The way out lies in returning to the starting point and the emotional function of human rights.The human rights narrative thinking with emotional appreciation at the core is helpful to enhance the understanding and tolerance among multiple human rights concepts and to dispel the“universality v.s.relativity”of human rights.Therefore,the transformation of thinking from proof to narration,which bases the concept of human rights on“intercession”rather than“reasoning”,provides resilient reconciliation for the conflict of human rights concepts.

关 键 词：人权 叙事 话语 解释 

分 类 号：B82-051[哲学宗教—伦理学] D815.7[政治法律—国际关系]