不同饲养方式对鲁莱黑猪生产性能及肌红蛋白含量影响的研究  

Effects of different feeding methods on production performance and myoglobin content in Lulai black pigs

作　　者：周广驰 魏艳华 李莹 王素红 ZHOU Guangchi;WEI Yanhua;LI Ying;WANG Suhong(Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Development Center of Dongchangfu District Liaocheng City,Liaocheng 252000,China;Liaocheng Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Development Center,Liaocheng 252000,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城市东昌府区畜牧兽医事业发展中心,山东聊城252000 [2]聊城市畜牧兽医事业发展中心,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第16期60-65,135,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：为了探索鲁莱黑猪科学的饲养方法,试验将28头80日龄鲁莱黑猪随机分为圈养组和放养组,每组14头,测定80,210,240,270日龄体重,以及80~210日龄、211~240日龄、241~270日龄平均日增重、日耗料量、料重比,在210,240,270日龄各组选取3头进行屠宰,测定胴体重、胴体长、背膘厚、皮厚、眼肌面积、屠宰率、熟肉率、系水率、滴水损失、嫩度、pH值、肌红蛋白含量及肉色(L^(*)值、a^(*)值、b^(*)值)指标。结果表明:270日龄时,圈养组鲁莱黑猪体重显著高于放养组(P<0.05),其他阶段圈养组与放养组体重差异不显著(P>0.05)。圈养组和放养组均是在80~210日龄时的平均日增重最高,圈养组达492.64 g,放养组达469.14 g;圈养组在80~210日龄时的料重比最低,为4.83。210日龄时,放养组的胴体重、胴体长、背膘厚、眼肌面积略低于圈养组(P>0.05),屠宰率略高于圈养组(P>0.05),皮厚与圈养组差异不明显(P>0.05);240日龄时,放养组的胴体长、背膘厚、皮厚低于圈养组(P>0.05),胴体重、屠宰率略高于圈养组(P>0.05),眼肌面积显著高于圈养组(P<0.05);270日龄时,放养组胴体重、背膘厚略低于圈养组(P>0.05),胴体长、皮厚显著低于圈养组(P<0.05),眼肌面积、屠宰率显著高于圈养组(P<0.05);圈养组和放养组的熟肉率、系水率、嫩度、pH值3个日龄间差异不显著(P>0.05)。在圈养组中,210日龄的胴体重、胴体长低于240日龄(P>0.05)和270日龄(P<0.05),背膘厚、皮厚、眼肌面积、屠宰率3个日龄间差异不显著(P>0.05),屠宰性能指标总体呈270日龄>240日龄>210日龄;270日龄的肌红蛋白含量(0.716 mg/g)最低,240日龄含量最高(0.831 mg/g);肉色L^(*)值、b^(*)值随日龄的增加呈先降后升的趋势,a^(*)值呈先升后降的趋势。在放养组中,210日龄的胴体重、胴体长均显著低于240,270日龄(P<0.05);210日龄的眼肌面积低于240日龄(P>0.05)和270日龄(P<0.05);210日龄的肌红蛋白含量(0.784 In order to explore the scientific feeding methods of Lulai black pigs,28 Lulai black pigs of eight days old were randomly divided into captive group and grazing group,with 14 pigs in each group,respectively.The body weight of 80,210,240,270 days of age,and the average daily gain,feed consumption,feed-to-meat ratio of 80-210,211-240,241-270 days of age were determined.At 210,240 and 270 days of age,three pigs in each group were selected for slaughter,and carcass weight,carcass length,back fat thickness,skin thickness,eye-muscle-area,slaughter-rate,cooked meat rate,water-keep rate,drip loss,tenderness,pH value,myoglobin content and flesh color(L^(*),a^(*)and b^(*)value)indexes in Lulai black pigs were determined.The results showed that the daily gain in the capative group was significantly higher than that in the grazing group at 270 days of age(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in body weight between the two groups at other stages(P>0.05).At the age of 80-210,the average daily gain was highest in the capative group and the grazing group,reaching 492.64 g in the captive group and 469.14 g in the the grazing group.The ratio of feed to meat in capative group was the lowest at the age of 80-210,which was 4.83.At 210 days of age,the carcass weight,carcass length,backfat thickness and eye muscle area in the grazing group were slightly lower than those in the capative group(P>0.05),while the slaughter rate was slightly higher than that in the captive group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in skin thickness between the two groups(P>0.05).At 240 days of age,the carcass length,backfat thickness and skin thickness in the grazing group were lower than those in the captive group(P>0.05),while the carcass weight and slaughter rate in the grazing group were lower than those in the captive group(P>0.05),eye muscle area was slightly lower than that in the captive group(P<0.05).At 270 days of age,the carcass weight and backfat thickness in the grazing group were lower than those in the captive group(P>0.05

关 键 词：鲁莱黑猪 饲养方式 生长性能 屠宰性能 肌红蛋白 肉品质 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]