速度滑冰运动员不同运动方式最大摄氧量的研究  

Research on Maximum Oxygen Intake in Different Methods of Exercise of Speed Skating Athletes

作　　者：滕海坤[1] 邵中平[1] 李欣[1] TENG Hai-kun;SHAO Zhong-ping;LI Xin(Heilongjiang Institute Institute of Sports Science,Harbin 150008,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省体育科学研究所,哈尔滨150008

出　　处：《冰雪运动》2022年第3期16-20,共5页China Winter Sports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”项目(2018YFF0300400);国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”项目(2018YFF0300404)。

摘　　要：采用不同的运动方式对我国速度滑冰运动员最大摄氧量进行测试,协助教练员制定训练计划,监控训练效果,保证训练质量,为速滑运动员的有氧训练提供理论依据。通过实验室功率自行车和在冰上滑行两种运动方式,采用递增负荷的运动模式,对速滑运动员进行最大摄氧量等指标的测试。发现我国速度滑冰运动员通过实验室功率自行车获得最大摄氧量等指标数据比在冰上滑行获得的指标高(VO_(2)peak、VO_(2)和VO_(2)/kg三个指标均P<0.01;VT_(1)、VT_(2)两个指标P<0.05;而HR、VE两个指标P>0.05)。分析研究认为,将实验室功率自行车测试获取的数据指标作为标杆,为速滑运动员运动训练提供理论依据;自行车运动是速滑运动员增强心肺功能、提高有氧耐力的基础训练手段;有氧阈和无氧阈可以用来评价速滑运动员专项有氧能力;心率可以作为监控运动员训练负荷量和强度的指标。This paper uses different methods of exercise to test the maximum oxygen intake of speed skating athletes in China,assist referees to make training plans,monitor practice,guarantee practice quality,provide theoretical base for speed skating athletes aerobic exercise.This paper makes tests for indicators including maximum oxygen intake of speed skating athletes through laboratory cycle ergometer and ice skiing in the dynamics of increased load.This paper finds that speed skating athletes are able to gain better performance through laboratory cycle ergometer than that through ice skiing in China.(VO_(2)peak、VO_(2)and VO_(2)/kg,P﹤0.01;VT_(1) and VT_(2),P﹤0.05,HR and VE,P﹥0.05).Through analysis and research,this paper finds that setting data from laboratory cycle ergometer test as an important indicator is capable of providing theoretical base for speed skating athletes exercise and training.Cycling is a fundamental training method for speed skating athletes to enhance their cardiovascular function and increase aerobic endurance.Aerobic and anaerobic threshold can be used to test aerobic ability of speed skating athletes.And heart rate can be an indicator which monitors load capacity and intensity of athletes training.

关 键 词：最大摄氧量 速度滑冰 功率自行车 

分 类 号：G862.1[文化科学—体育训练]