优化施钾对烟-稻轮作区不同质地土壤烟叶钾含量及产质量的影响  

Effects of Improving Potassium Application on Potassium Concentration,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Different Soil Textures under Tobacco-rice Rotation System

作　　者：章程 李波 姜超强[2] 祖朝龙[2] 郑天军 章友爱 吴晶晶 阎轶峰[2] 沈嘉[2] ZHANG Cheng;LI Bo;JIANG Chao-qiang(Zhejiang Industrial Corporation of China Tobacco,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310006;Tobacco Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031)

机构地区：[1]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江杭州310006 [2]安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第17期138-141,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省农业科学院团队项目(2013CB127401);安徽省烟草公司科技项目(20180551009);安徽中烟科技项目(2021137)。

摘　　要：以云烟97作为试材,研究钾肥施用模式对不同土壤质地烤烟产质量和烟叶钾含量的影响,为烟田钾肥施用管理和烟叶提钾增质提供科学依据。在皖南烟区选取3种不同质地(砂壤土、壤土、黏壤土)烟田,比较不同钾肥施用模式(常规施钾、优化施钾模式)对烟叶产量、产值、钾含量、常规化学成分,以及外观和感官质量的影响。结果表明,3种质地土壤烟叶产量和产值差异表现为壤土≈砂壤土>黏壤土,优化施钾烟叶产值和均价显著高于农户施钾。与农户施钾相比,优化施钾中部叶和上部叶钾含量分别增加13.7%和11.3%,优化施钾对壤土烤烟中部叶钾含量提升幅度最大;优化施钾中部叶和上部叶总糖含量比农户施钾分别提高11.5%和17.0%,还原糖含量则分别提高25.0%和9.7%。优化施钾能够显著提升中部叶和上部叶感观质量,就3种不同质地土壤而言,优化施钾对砂壤土烟叶感官质量的提升作用最为明显。综上可见,优化施钾能够显著增加烟叶产量和产值,增加中部叶和上部叶的钾含量,提高烟叶总糖和还原糖含量,提升烟叶感官质量。The effects of potassium(K)application mode on flue-cured tobacco yield and quality,and K concentration in leaves of the tobacco cultivar Yunyan 97 were studied so as to improve the management of K fertilizer application and increase the K concentration in tobacco leaves.Three different soil textures(clay loam,loam and sandy loam)of tobacco fields were selected to compare the effects of K application modes(farmer’s K application(FK),improved K application(IK))on the yield,quality,K concentration,conventional chemical composition,appearance and sensory quality of tobacco leaf in Southern Anhui Province.Results showed that the yield and output value of tobacco leaf in the three soil textures varied as follows:loam≈sandy loam>clay loam.The output value and average price of tobacco leaf in the IK were significantly higher than the FK treatment.Compared with the FK,IK increased the K concentration of the middle leaves and upper leaves by 13.7%and 11.3%,respectively.The K concentration of the middle leaves under the loam soil was increased the most by the IK treatment.The total sugar content in the middle and upper leaves of IK treatment was 11.5%and 17.0%higher than that of the FK,and the reducing sugar content was 25.0%and 9.7%higher,respectively.The IK significantly improved the sensory quality of the middle and upper leaves.The IK had the most obvious effect on the sensory quality of tobacco leaves in sandy loam among the three different soil textures.In conclusion,the IK significantly increased the yield and output value of tobacco leaves,enhanced the K concentration of the middle and upper leaves,improved the total sugar and reducing sugar content of leaves,and improved the sensory quality of tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 钾肥施用模式 钾含量 还原糖 感官质量 

分 类 号：S143.3[农业科学—肥料学]