美国家庭式托育的准入标准及其启示  

Admission Standards for American Family Day Care and Their Implications

作　　者：史瑾 张静[2] 潘婷 SHI Jin;ZHANG Jing;PAN Ting(School of Early Childhood Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Student mental health education center,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325035)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学学前教育学院,北京100048 [2]温州医科大学学生心理健康教育中心,温州325035

出　　处：《早期儿童发展》2022年第2期67-76,共10页Early Childhood Development

基　　金：北京市教育委员会社科计划一般项目“普惠性幼儿园教育质量现状、问题及提升策略研究”(课题批准号:SM201710028013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：目前,美国近50个州均出台了家庭式托育的准入标准和管理条例,美国纽约州和加利福尼亚州家庭式托育的数量是机构式托育的两倍左右,家庭式托育逐步成为美国婴幼儿托育的主要形式。本研究以家庭式托育发展较成熟,文件翔实、健全的纽约州、宾夕法尼亚州、加利福尼亚州的家庭式托育准入及管理文件作为研究对象,分别对婴幼儿家庭式托育的准入条件、人员要求、日托照料内容、安全和监管等进行梳理与分析,以期对我国家庭式托育的未来发展起到一定的借鉴和启示作用。In New York and California,the number of family day care is about twice that of institutional childcare centers,with the former gradually becoming the main form of childcare in the United States.At present,nearly 50 states in the United States have issued access standards and management regulations for family day care.The present study takes these standards,regulations and related documents as the research object,and sorts out the access conditions,personnel requirements,daycare contents,safety and supervision of family childcare for infants and young children.New York,Pennsylvania,and California were chosen as the source of data due to their having highly developed family childcare service policies as well as more detailed and accurate data on childcare.It is hoped that the analysis offered in this paper can serve as a reference and enlightenment for the future development of family childcare services in China.

关 键 词：家庭式托育 准入标准 托育服务 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]