不同稻壳基质对马铃薯微型薯产量及产量性状的影响  

Effects of Different Base Materials About Rice Husk on Yield Characters of Potato Minituber

作　　者：徐宁[1] 张洪亮[1] 张荣华[1] 许亚坤[1] XU Ning;ZHANG Hong-liang;ZHANG Rong-hua;XU Ya-kun(Institute of Economic Crops,Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农垦科学院经济作物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第9期55-59,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021C084)。

摘　　要：为了充分利用水稻产区较为丰富的稻壳资源,筛选出一种资源丰富、成本低、效果好的微型薯生产培养基质。采用单因素随机区组设计,设置4种基质处理,即稻壳,稻壳(发酵),稻壳+蛭石(1∶1)和蛭石,研究不同基质对马铃薯微型薯成活率、结薯数、产量、单粒薯重、单株结薯数和单株薯重的影响。结果表明,成活率最好的基质是稻壳+蛭石(1∶1)处理,成活率达到62.00%,但各基质处理对成活率没有显著影响。结薯数和单位面积产量均以稻壳+蛭石(1∶1)处理最高,分别达到7.77万个·(667 m^(2))和135.90 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1),显著高于对照蛭石(CK)处理。单粒薯重、单株结薯数和单株薯重表现最好的处理分别为稻壳+蛭石(1∶1)、稻壳(发酵)和稻壳(发酵)处理,但各基质处理间差异不显著。说明稻壳+蛭石(1∶1)的处理更适合作为马铃薯微型薯培养基质在实际生产中应用。In order to make full use of the abundant rice husk resources in rice producing areas,a culture medium with rich resources,low cost and good effect was screened for the production of micro potato.A single factor random block design was adopted,and four different substrate treatments were set up,namely rice husk,rice husk(fermentation),rice husk+vermiculite(1:1)and vermiculite.The seedling rate,number of tubers,yield per hectare,weight of single tuber,number of tubers per plant and weight of single tuber were compared.The results showed that rice husk+vermiculite(1:1)was the best substrate for the survival rate,reaching62.00%,but each substrate treatment had no significant effect on the survival rate.Both the number of tubers and the yield per unit area were the highest under the treatment of rice husk+vermiculite(1:1),reaching7.77×10^(4)·(667 m^(2))^(-1)and 135.90kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1),which were significantly higher than the control vermiculite(CK)treatment.Rice husk+vermiculite(1:1),rice husk(fermentation)and rice husk(fermentation)treatments had the best performance in tuber weight per seed,tuber number per plant and tuber weight per plant,respectively,but there was no significant difference among all substrate treatments.It shows that the treatment of rice husk+vermiculite(1:1)is more suitable for the practical production and application of micro potato culture medium.

关 键 词：马铃薯 微型薯 基质 产量 稻壳 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]