推剪式樱桃采摘器设计与试验  

Design and experiment of push-cut cherry picker

作　　者：余传佩[1] Ampazidis Yiannis Yu Chuanpei;Ampazidis Yiannis(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiujiang Vocational and Technical College,Jiujiang,332007,China;University of Florida,Florida,34142,America)

机构地区：[1]九江职业技术学院机械工程学院,江西九江332007 [2]佛罗里大学IFAS,美国佛罗里达34142

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第10期7-11,41,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家公派留学基金项目(201908360271);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ181213)。

摘　　要：新鲜樱桃果实娇嫩,收获期短,并且要求带柄采摘。然而目前主要采用人工采摘方式,劳动强度大、作业危险且效率低,难以满足当前新鲜樱桃产业发展的要求。针对这一问题,仿照理发的原理,研制一款推剪式樱桃辅助采摘器,通过连续快速地推剪樱桃果柄,从而实现樱桃的快速带柄采摘。同时,还分析影响樱桃果柄剪切效果的因素,并通过果柄剪切对比试验,得出在静刀片齿距为3.5 mm,动刀片齿距为3.0 mm,动刀片行程为3.5 mm以及电机转速为7000 r/min时,采摘器的采摘效果最佳。果园试验表明,使用该装置辅助人工采摘樱桃,平均半小时内采摘樱桃9.7 kg以上,带柄合格率98%以上,损伤率1%以下,实现快速高效带柄采摘樱桃,并且不碰伤樱桃果实及果树,具有较好的参考与应用价值。Fresh cherries are delicate and tender,have a short harvest period,and require picking with steams.However,the manual picking methods currently mainly used are labor-intensive,dangerous and low-efficiency,which is difficult to meet the requirements of the current development of the cherry industry.Aiming at this problem,this paper has developed a cherry-clipper based on the principle of hair-clipper,which accomplishes rapid cherry picking by cutting the stems of cherries quickly and continuously.At the same time,this paper also analyzes the factors affecting the shearing effect of cherry stems,and through shearing comparative experimental research,it is obtained that the clipper has the best picking effect when the tooth pitch of the static blade is 3.5 mm,the tooth pitch of the movable blade is 3.0 mm,the movable blade stroke is 3.5 mm and the motor speed is 7000 r/min.Experiments in the orchard show that people picking cherries with the aid of this device can pick cherries over 9.7 kg on average within half an hour,with a qualified rate of over 98%and a damage rate of less than 1%.It shows that the device can quickly and efficiently pick cherries with a stem without damaging the cherry fruits and fruit trees,and has good reference and application value.

关 键 词：樱桃 采摘 推剪器 果柄 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]