苦荞农艺性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Tartary Buckwheat Agronomic Traits

作　　者：李春花 加央多拉 吴晗 孙墨可 田娟[1] 王春龙[1] 郭来春[1] 魏黎明[1] 贾云峰[1] 任长忠[1] LI Chunhua;JIAYANG Duola;WU Han;SUN Moke;TIAN Juan;WANG Chunlong;GUO Laichun;WEI Liming;JIA Yunfeng;REN Changzhong(Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baicheng,Jilin 137000,China)

机构地区：[1]白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《作物研究》2022年第4期363-368,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860412);白城市指导性科技发展计划项目(202210);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07)。

摘　　要：为了对苦荞品种在吉林西部地区的高效利用提供理论依据,2021年在白城种植了从国内多地引进的20份苦荞品种,并对其13个农艺性状进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,13个农艺性状的变异系数为6.19%~45.38%,具有丰富的遗传多样性。由主成分分析结果可知,20份苦荞品种的13个表型性状指标转化为4个综合指标,累计贡献率达86.919%,根据主成分表型性状的特征向量,可将其称为粒型因子、籽粒质量因子、株型因子、产量因子。聚类分析表明,20份苦荞品种可划分为株高较高、株粒数和株粒质量较低的长粒形苦荞品种,株高较矮、株粒数和株粒质量较高的苦荞品种,茎秆较粗、千粒质量大、株粒数和株粒质量较大的短粒形苦荞品种等3类。综合主成分分析和聚类分析,发现了高秆、矮秆、高产、大粒、粗秆、长粒形、短粒形的育种亲本材料以及生产上可直接利用的矮秆高产苦荞品种。In order to provide a theoretical reference for the efficient utilization of Tartary buckwheat varieties introduced from many places in the western region of Jilin,20 Tartary buckwheat varieties were planted in Baicheng in 2021,and principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out for their 13 agronomic traits.The results showed that the coefficients of variation of the 13 agronomic traits were 6.19%-45.38%,with rich genetic diversity.According to the results of principal component analysis,the 13 phenotypic trait indicators in 20 samples were transformed into 4 comprehensive indicators,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 86.919%.According to the eigenvectors of the phenotypic traits of the principal components,they included grain shape,seed weight,plant shape,and yield.Cluster analysis showed that 20 Tartary buckwheat varieties can be divided into three types:long-grain Tartary buckwheat varieties with higher plant height,lower number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant,and Tartary buckwheat varieties with shorter plant height,number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant,short-grain Tartary buckwheat varieties with thicker stems,larger thousand-kernel weight,and larger number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant.In this study,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were combined,and breeding parent materials with tall culm,dwarf culm,high yield,large grain,thick culm,long grain shape and short grain shape were found,as well as dwarf Tartaty buckwheat varieties with high yield that can be directly used in production.

关 键 词：苦荞 农艺性状 主成分分析 聚类分析:综合评价 

分 类 号：S517.037[农业科学—作物学]