家庭农业经营代际传承中的性别选择、影响因素与政策启示  

Study on the Gender Selection,Influencing Factors,and Policy Implications of the Inter-Generational Succession of Family Farms

作　　者：宁泽逵 屈桥 Ning Zekui;Qu Qiao(School of Management Engineering,Xi’an University of Finance&Economics,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安财经大学管理学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《新疆农垦经济》2022年第9期10-20,共11页Xinjiang State Farms Economy

基　　金：2017年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(项目编号:17YJC790111);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(项目编号:2019JM-185);西安财经大学研究生创新基金项目(项目编号:20YC035、21YC015)。

摘　　要：基于家庭内决策模型,借助二元有序Probit回归技术,利用来自陕西长武县J镇三轮苹果种植农户(果农)跟踪调查样本,分析了当前家庭农业经营代际传承候选人选择中的性别差异及影响因素。结果表明,当前家庭农业经营代际传承候选人选择虽然表现一定的性别差异,但已经完全不同于传统父系继承文化下的“儿子优先”性别伦理取向。作为家庭农业经营代际传承的潜在候选人,农家儿子与女儿间已经出现显著的“互补”特征。同时,从时间变动趋势来看,农民选择自己子女作为家庭农业传承候选人的概率呈现明显的下滑趋势。造成这种下滑趋势的因素是多元的,既有家庭经济水平、家庭果业经营状况、户主特征等农户微观因素,也有村级经济发展与劳动力外出务工情况等社区中观因素,还有苹果产业行情持续低迷等宏观因素。本着加快产业振兴、人才振兴的目标,实现家庭果业经营持续、平稳、健康发展的诉求,应着重做好加快科技赋能、加快制度赋能、胜任资本提升以及性别红利释放等方面的实践创新。Based on the intra-family decision-making model,with the help of binary ordered probit regression technology,the gen-der differences and influencing factors in the selection of candidates for inter-generational inheritance of family agricultural man-agement are analyzed by using the follow-up survey samples of apple planting farmers(fruit farmers)from J Town,Changwu Coun-ty,Shaanxi Province.It is found that although there are some gender differences in the selection of candidates for inter-generation-al inheritance of family agricultural management,it is completely different from the gender-orientation tradition of“sons first”inChinese paternal inheritance culture.As a potential candidate for inter-generational inheritance of family agricultural management,there has been a significant“complementary”feature between farm sons and daughters.At the same time,from the time changetrend,the probability that farmers choose their children as candidates for family agricultural inheritance shows an obvious down-ward trend.The factors causing this downward trend are diverse,including micro factors such as household economic level,house-hold fruit industry operation status,household head characteristics,community meso factors such as village level economic develop-ment and labor force going out to work,as well as micro factors such as the continuous downturn of apple industry.In line with thegoal of accelerating industrial revitalization and talent revitalization,and realizing the sustainable,stable and healthy developmentof family fruit industry,this study finally puts forward that we should focus on practical innovation in accelerating scientific andtechnological empowerment,accelerating institutional empowerment,improving competent capital and releasing gender dividends.

关 键 词：家庭农业 代际传承 性别选择 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济]