藻类对大型溞抵抗农药的毒理学影响及其机制  

Ecotoxicological effects and mechanism of algae on Daphnia Magna's resistance to pesticides

作　　者：何妍 石琬绮 彭鑫鑫 杨巍[1] 李锗镡 文昕 罗竣潇 刘华祖 李伟[1,2] HE Yan;SHI Wan-qi;PENG Xing-xing;YANG Wei;LI Zhe-xing;WEN Xin;LUO Jun-xiao;LIU Hua-zu;LI Wei(College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Rigon’s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2022年第9期4416-4422,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31700401);广西重点研发计划(2018AB36010)。

摘　　要：为探究藻类对大型溞农药抗性的影响及其机制,分别将5种淡水广布的甲藻、硅藻、绿藻、隐藻、蓝藻等量培育大型溞后,再将大型溞分别暴露于2种杀虫剂吡虫啉(水溶性)和氰戊菊酯(脂溶性)中,测定大型溞的半数致死剂量、化学计量比(P/C,N/C)和脂肪酸含量.研究表明:与生源性化学元素氮磷相比,N3不饱和脂肪酸能更好揭示大型溞对藻类的捕食关系;藻类的N3不饱和脂肪酸含量是影响大型溞对水溶性农药抗性的关键因子;大型溞对脂溶性农药的抗性差异比暴露在水溶性农药中更明显.因此,藻类的N3不饱和脂肪酸是预测大型溞对水溶性农药抗性强度的最佳因子,其有助于更准确地预测以不同藻类为食的大型溞食物链对自然环境中污染物的抗性和风险.To explore the effects and mechanisms of algae on Daphnia magna's resistance to pesticides,five algal species(Pyrrophyta,Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,Cryptophyta and Cyanophyta)were fed in equal amount to zooplankton Daphnia magna,which was then exposed to two insecticides:imidacloprid(water-soluble)and esfenvalerate(fat-soluble).The median lethal concentration(LC50),stoichiometric ratio(P:C,N:C)and fatty acid content of Daphnia magna were determined.The results show that,compared with biogenic chemical elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus,N3 unsaturated fatty acids can better reveal the predation of Daphnia magna on planktonic algae.The content of N3 unsaturated fatty acids in algae was a key factor affecting the resistance of Daphnia magna to water-soluble pesticides.The difference in Daphnia magna resistance was more obvious to fat-soluble pesticides than to water-soluble pesticides.Therefore,the N3 unsaturated fatty acids is the best predictor of the resistance of Daphnia magna to water-soluble pesticides,and can be used to monitor the resistance and risk of Daphnia magna food chain to pesticides in a natural environment.

关 键 词：藻类 大型溞 氰戊菊酯 吡虫啉 生态毒理学 营养级联 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]