中国卫生总费用与健康产出的实证研究  

An empirical study of China’s total health expenditure and health output

作　　者：王晓坤 高原 徐爱军 WANG Xiaokun;GAO Yuan;XU Aijun(Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210046,China;Personnel Department,Jiangsu Province Hospital,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210029,China;Jiangsu Research Center for Major Health Risk Management and TCM Control Policy,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210046,China 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏省人民医院人事处,江苏南京210029 [3]江苏重大健康风险管理与中医药防控政策研究中心,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2022年第8期540-545,共6页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(2018VJX065);江苏省教育厅哲学社会科学重点研究基地基金资助(JKFXFK⁃001);江苏高校护理学优势学科建设工程资助项目(2019YSHL040)。

摘　　要：目的分析1997—2019年我国卫生总费用的筹资变化情况,分析我国卫生筹资过程中存在的问题,探寻中国卫生总费用与健康产出之间的关系。方法用筹资来源法核算我国卫生总费用,运用计量经济模型-普通最小二乘模型,建立中国卫生总费用与健康产出之间的回归关系。结果2019年我国卫生总费用增长速度已由1998年的16.00%降至8.22%;相比于1997年,2019年我国政府卫生支出卫生总费用的比重提升了10.98%,社会卫生支出占卫生总费用的比重提高了13.49%,个人卫生支出占卫生总费用的比重降低了24.48%;婴儿死亡率由1997年的33.1‰降低至2019年的5.6‰;在其他条件不变的情况下,实际卫生总费用每增加1%,当期的婴儿死亡率下降0.7690%。结论1997—2019年间我国卫生总费用筹资结构不断改善,筹资规模不断扩大,政府卫生投入不断增加,社会卫生投入占比显著上升,居民个人卫生投入显著降低,个人负担大幅缓解;卫生总费用的投入能够显著改善健康产出,有效降低我国婴儿死亡率。Objective To analyze the financing changes of China’s total health expenditure from 1997 to 2019, and to analyze the problems in the process of China’s health financing, so as to explore the relationship between China’s total health expenditure and health output. Methods The total health expenditure in China was calculated by the financing source method, and the econometric model-ordinary least squares model was used to establish the regression relationship between the total health expenditure and health output in China. Results The growth rate of China’s total health expenditure dropped from 16.00% in 1998 to 8.22% in 2019.Compared with 1997, the proportion of China’s total government health expenditure in 2019 increased by 10.98%, social health expenditure accounted for 13.49% of the total health expenditure, and the proportion of personal health expenditure in total health expenditure decreased by 24.48%. The infant mortality rate decreased from 33.1‰ in 1997 to 5.6‰ in 2019;with other conditions unchanged, for every 1% increase in the actual total health expenditure, the current infant mortality rate decreased by 0.7690%.Conclusions From 1997 to 2019, the financing structure of China’s total health expenditure continued to improve, the scale of financing continued to expand, government health investment continued to increase, the proportion of social health investment increased significantly, residents’ personal health investment was significantly reduced, and the personal burden was greatly eased.The input of total health can significantly improve health output and effectively reduce China’s infant mortality rate.

关 键 词：卫生总费用 筹资水平 筹资结构 婴儿死亡率 广义差分法估计模型 

分 类 号：R-012[医药卫生] R19