颅咽管瘤的影像学表现与临床分析  

Imaging findings and clinical analysis of craniopharyngioma

作　　者：柳成荫[1] 石祥恩[2] 孙玉明[2] 刘方军[2] 钱海[2] 王泷 Liu Chengyin;Shi Xiang′en;Sun Yuming;Liu Fangjun;Qian Hai;Wang Long(Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Pinggu Hospital,Beijing 101200,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Sanbo Brain Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市平谷区医院神经外科,北京101200 [2]首都医科大学北京三博脑科医院神经外科,北京100093

出　　处：《中国医师进修杂志》2022年第8期685-688,共4页Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine

摘　　要：目的总结颅咽管瘤的影像学表现与临床病理特征,旨在提高术前诊断水平。方法选取2019年3月至2021年6月首都医科大学三博脑科医院经病理诊断的127例颅咽管瘤患者的临床资料,分析影像学诊断的病理符合率。结果MRI诊断符合率89.3%;CT诊断符合率71.5%。在T1加权像、T2加权像增强序列上肿瘤的实体部分可表现为不均匀高信号,弥漫分布条状及点状低信号。MRI矢状位对显示微小肿瘤有帮助,但对钙化显示不及CT敏感。MRI增强扫描十分重要,尤其对伴有实性病变的病例。结论颅咽管瘤的影像学表现呈多样性。一些特征性表现为其诊断及鉴别诊断提供了重要信息,结合临床可提高诊断正确率。Objective To retrospectively summarize the imaging and clinical features of craniopharyngioma in order to improve the preoperative diagnosis level.Methods One hundred and twenty-seven patients with craniopharyngioma diagnosed by pathology in Sanbo Brain Hospital,Capital Medical University from March 2019 to June 2021 were selected and the pathological coincidence rate of imaging diagnosis were analyzed.Results The coincidence rate of MRI diagnosis was 89.3%.The coincidence rate of CT diagnosis was 71.5%.On T2WI and T1WI enhanced sequences,the solid portion of the tumor may showed uneven hyperintensity,diffuse striation and spotty hyperintensity.MRI sagittal view was helpful in showing small tumors,but less sensitive to calcification than CT.MRI enhancement was very important,especially for patients with solid lesions.Conclusions The imaging findings of craniopharyngioma are diverse.Some characteristic manifestations provide important information for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of craniopharyngioma,which can improve the diagnostic accuracy combined with clinical data.

关 键 词：颅咽管瘤 影像学 诊断 

分 类 号：R739.41[医药卫生—肿瘤]