福建海域海地瓜(Acaudina molpadioides)形态特征及系统发育的初步分析  

Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides in Fujian coastal waters

作　　者：郑碧琪 季晓[2,3] 夏永健 林婧 黄文 程宏 刘守海 秦玉涛[2,3] 刘炜 ZHENG Biqi;JI Xiao;XIA Yongjian;LIN Jing;HUANG Wen;CHENG Hong;LIU Shouhai;QIN Yutao;LIU Wei(Ningde Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Ningde 352000,China;East China Sea Environment Monitoring Center,State Oceanic Administration,Shanghai 201206,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies,Ministiy of Natural Resources,Shanghai 201206,China;Joint Research Center for Marine Ecology of Coastal NPP,Ningde 352000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德海洋环境监测中心站,福建宁德352000 [2]国家海洋局东海环境监测中心,上海201206 [3]自然资源部海洋生态监测与修复技术重点实验室,上海201206 [4]滨海电厂海洋生态联合研究中心,福建宁德352000

出　　处：《海洋通报》2022年第4期427-435,共9页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：自然资源部东海局青年科学基金(201712,202112);自然资源部海洋生态监测与修复技术重点实验室开放研究基金(MEMRT202110)。

摘　　要：本研究应用形态学和分子生物学方法对福建海域的一种海参——海地瓜(Acaudina molpadioides)进行了观察和分析,描述了海地瓜的骨片、触手、石灰环、波里氏囊、呼吸树、性腺等重要特征。观察到的骨片类型有哑铃体、颗粒体、杆状体、C形体、穿孔板和环形体,数量上以哑铃体为主。与之前的报道相比,颗粒体和C形体是两种新观察到的骨片类型。获得了一段海地瓜的mtCOⅠ基因片段序列(长度为596 bp),基于mtCOⅠ序列的系统发育树(NJ树、ML树和Bayes树)在一定程度上支持了海地瓜属于海参纲芋参目尻参科物种的分类地位。将该序列与GenBank中已收录的4条海地瓜mtCOⅠ序列(登录号:MK050109、EU827691、FJ971405.KX874336)进行了遗传距离分析,结果显示MK050109序列样本与本研究样本为相同物种,即海地瓜,其余3条mtCOⅠ序列的物种命名还需要进一步论证。The sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides from Fujian was observed and analyzed with morphological and molecular biological methods.The characteristics of spicules,tentacles,calcareous ring,Polian vesicle,respiratory tree and gonad were described.The spicules had types of dumbbell,granule,rod,C-form,perforated plate and ring,most of which was dumbbell.Comparing with the previous reports,the granule and C-form were two newly observed spicule types.A partial sequence(596 bp in length)of mtCOⅠ gene of A.molpadioides was obtained.To some extent,the phylogenetic tree(NJ tree,ML tree and Bayes tree)based on mtCOⅠ sequences supported A.molpadioides belonging to the family Caudinidae,order Molpadida,class Holothuroidea.Our sequence was compared with four mtCOⅠ sequences of A.molpadioides from GenBank(accession number:MK050109,EU827691,FJ971405,KX874336),and the genetic distances between these sequences were calculated.Results showed that the sample of sequence MK050109 was the same species(A.molpadioides)as the sample in this study,however,the naming of other three mtCOⅠ sequences needs further verification.

关 键 词：海地瓜 形态 骨片 mtCOⅠ 系统发育 物种分类 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学] Q174[天文地球—海洋科学] Q179[生物学—水生生物学]