不同刈割时期对甜高粱农艺性状及营养品质的影响  

Analysis on agronomic characters and nutritional quality of sweet sorghum after cutting in different stages

作　　者：王太行 潘成才 王宇[1] 朱昆宇 夏金泽 吉怡颖 伍治中 江行玉[1] 周扬[2] WANG Taihang;PAN Chengcai;WANG Yu;ZHU Kunyu;XIA Jinze;JI Yiying;WU Zhizhong;JIANG Xingyu;ZHOU Yang(Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops,School of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,570228;Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province,School of Horticulture,Hainan University,Haikou,570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院/海南省耐盐作物生物技术重点实验室,海口570228 [2]海南大学园艺学院/海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2022年第5期502-508,共7页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0207203-2);2019年海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(2019RC046);国家自然科学基金(31660253);海南大学科研启动项目[KYQD(ZR)1845]。

摘　　要：为了确定不同品种甜高粱的最佳刈割时期,以海甜1号、M-81E和绿巨人为试验材料,在海南省东方市上红兴村种植3个品种的甜高粱。分别在抽穗期、乳熟期、蜡熟期3个生育时期刈割,测定了3个品种的株高、茎粗、单株鲜质量、单株干质量、产量等农艺性状和粗蛋白、酸中性纤维、可溶性糖等营养品质指标,旨在为甜高粱种植、刈割提供参考依据。结果表明,海甜1号、M-81E的植株高度在乳熟期达到最大,分别为317.76、294.06 cm,绿巨人的植株高度在蜡熟期达到最大值354.06 cm。海甜1号和绿巨人的单株鲜质量和小区产量从抽穗期到乳熟期显著增加,在乳熟期达到最大值,分别为1996.71 g和2240.97 g、28.99 kg和32.13 kg。M-81E的单株鲜质量和小区产量从抽穗期到蜡熟期逐渐递减,在抽穗期达到最大值,分别为1667.55 g和24.11 kg。海甜1号、M-81E和绿巨人的单株干质量和干物质含量从抽穗期到蜡熟期都是递增。海甜1号和绿巨人的中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量从抽穗期到蜡熟期都是先增加后减少;M-81E则是递减的趋势。3个品种的可溶性糖和粗灰分含量从抽穗期到蜡熟期皆是递增的趋势。3个品种的粗蛋白含量从抽穗期到蜡熟期皆是递减的趋势。海甜1号和M-81E的相对饲用价值在蜡熟期达到最大,分别为117.20和142.55,绿巨人在抽穗期达到最大值95.43。不同刈割时期对甜高粱农艺性状及营养指标的影响存在显著差异,综合农艺性状和营养指标,海甜1号和绿巨人在乳熟期到蜡熟期刈割比较合适,M-81E在抽穗期到乳熟期刈割比较合适。In order to study the effects of cutting at different periods on agronomic traits and nutritional quality of sweet sorghum,sweet sorghum varieties‘Haitian 1’,‘M-81E’and‘Green Hulk’were planted in Dongfang,Hainan and cut at three growth stages.Agronomic traits including plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight per plant,dry weight per plant and yield,as well as nutritional quality parameters including crude protein,acid neutral fiber and soluble sugar were systematically determined at the heading,milk and dough stages to provide reference for the planting and harvesting of these sorghum varieties.The results showed that the plant heights of‘Haitian 1’and‘M-81E’was maximum at the milk stage,which were 317.76 cm and 294.06 cm,respectively,and that the plant heights of‘Green Hulk’was maximum at the dough stage,which was 354.06cm.The fresh weight per plant and plot yield of‘Haitian 1’and‘Green Hulk’increased significantly from the heading stage to the milk stage,maximum at the milk stage,and were 1996.71g and 2240.97 g at the heading stage,and 28.99 kg and 32.13 kg at the dough stage,respectively.The fresh weight per plant and plot yield of‘M-81E’decreased gradually from the heading stage to the dough stage,maximum at the heading stage,and were 1667.55 g and 24.11 kg,respectively.The dry weight per plant and dry matter content of‘Haitian 1’,‘M-81E’and‘Green Hulk’were increasing from the heading stage to the dough stage.From the heading stage to the dough stage,‘Haitian 1’and‘Green Hulk’increased first and then decreased in the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber while‘M-81E’showed a decreasing trend.All the three varieties increased in soluble sugar and crude ash contents from the heading stage to the dough stage,and tended to decrease in crude protein content from the heading stage to the dough stage.‘Haitian 1’and‘M-81E’had a maximum relative feeding value at the dough stage,which were 117.20 and 142.55,respectively,and‘Gre

关 键 词：甜高粱 生育时期 农艺性状 营养品质 

分 类 号：S566.5[农业科学—作物学]