基于受益人口的洞庭湖流域生态系统土壤保持服务重要性格局  

Importance pattern of soil conservation service in Dongting Lake Watershed based on beneficiaries

作　　者：饶恩明 肖燚[2] 欧阳志云[2] 孔令桥[2] RAO Enming;XIAO Yi;OUYANG Zhiyun;KONG Lingqiao(School of Geography and Resource Sciences,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,成都610101 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第16期6514-6522,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901257)。

摘　　要：生态系统服务概念明确指出,生态系统条件和过程只有对受益者产生效用才能成为服务。近年来,生态系统服务研究强调了生态系统及其受益者之间空间连接的重要性,但现有研究大都侧重生态系统服务的供给,对受益者考虑不足。研究以洞庭湖流域为例,运用通用土壤流失方程(USLE)和流域水文路径分析,提出了基于受益人口的生态系统土壤保持服务评价方法。结果表明:(1)从生态系统角度,洞庭湖流域生态系统土壤保持重要区域面积2.80万km^(2),主要分布于土壤保持强度较高的沅江流域(38.14%)和湘江流域(39.73%),从受益者角度,土壤保持重要区域面积1.57万km^(2),主要集中于受益人口较多的湘江流域(92.95%);(2)与基于生态系统角度的结果相比,考虑受益人口后有1.71万km^(2)土壤保持重要区域因受益人口较少(12362人),土壤保持重要性降低,主要包括沅江流域的武陵山、雪峰山等地,另有0.48万km^(2)地区因受益人口较多(53628人),被新增识别为土壤保持重要区域,主要包括湘江流域的南岭、罗霄山脉等地;(3)综合生态系统角度和受益者角度研究结果,洞庭湖流域土壤保持重要区域面积3.28万km^(2),主要分布于西部的武陵山、雪峰山,南部的南岭山脉、阳明山以及东部的罗霄山脉、幕连九山脉等山地区。研究从受益者角度分析土壤保持服务实际产生的效用,是对土壤保持服务研究的有益补充,研究结果可为流域水土保持和生态保护提供数据支持,为提升土壤保持服务对人类福祉的支撑作用提供参考。Ecosystem conditions and processes can become ecosystem services only when they are effective for beneficiaries. In recent years, many researches have emphasized the importance of the linkage between ecosystems and their beneficiaries. However, most of them focus on the supply of ecosystem services while neglecting the beneficiaries. Taking Dongting Lake Watershed as the study area, we used universal soil loss equation(USLE) and hydrological path analysis to propose an assessment method of soil conservation service based on beneficiaries. The results show that:(1) from the perspective of ecosystem, the important area of soil conservation service in Dongting Lake Watershed covered an area of 2.8×10^(4) km^(2), mainly distributed in the Yuanjiang River Watershed(38.14%) and Xiangjiang River Watershed(39.73%), with high soil conservation capacity. From the perspective of beneficiaries, the important area covered 1.57×10^(4) km^(2), mainly concentrated in the Xiangjiang River Watershed(92.95%), with large beneficiaries.(2) After considering the beneficiaries, the area totaling 1.71×10^(4) km^(2) of important level(very high) was degraded due to the small number of beneficiaries(12362 people), which was mainly distributed in the Wuling Mountain and Xuefeng Mountain in Yuanjiang River Watershed. While the area totaling 4.80×10^(3) km^(2) was newly upgraded to the important level due to the large number of beneficiaries(53628 people), which was concentrated in Nanling Mountain and Luoxiao mountains in the Xiangjiang River Watershed.(3) Integrating ecosystem and beneficiary perspectives, the important area of soil conservation service in Dongting Lake Watershed covered an area of 3.28×10^(4) km^(2), mainly distributed in the Wuling Mountain and Xuefeng Mountain in the west, the Nanling mountains and Yangming Mountain in the south, the Luoxiao mountains and Mulianjiu mountains in the east. The study analyzed the actual effectiveness of soil conservation from the perspective of beneficiaries, which was an effective su

关 键 词：土壤保持 受益人口 生态系统服务 洞庭湖流域 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S157[农业科学—土壤学]