流域水文模型在面源污染模拟与管控中的应用研究进展  

Research of the HSPF model on nonpoint source pollution modeling and management:progresses and perspectives

作　　者：谢晖 邱嘉丽 董建玮 高田田 赖锡军[1] XIE Hui;QIU Jiali;DONG Jianwei;GAO Tiantian;LAI Xijun(Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Marine Science and Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101 [3]南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,南京210023 [4]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第15期6076-6091,共16页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1700600);国家自然科学基金项目(42007362,51809177)。

摘　　要：面源污染是影响流域水环境和水安全的重要污染来源,对其进行有效防控需要对其负荷以及防控措施效果进行科学高效精准的预测。流域水文模型(Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN,HSPF)具有突出的综合性和灵活性,是面源污染模型的典范。近年来,HSPF模型应用于我国流域面源污染相关的研究和实践有了飞速发展,但同样也面临着模型机理和参数本地化、模型构建精细化、模型结构不确定性较大等方面的挑战。围绕该模型在面源污染模拟与管控中的研究进展,对其在变化环境下的模拟方法和成果,以及应对参数识别、不确定性分析、措施效果评估和总量控制的思路和方法等方面进行了总结,并分析了现代化环境模拟形势下HSPF模型的延伸发展。结合模型相关研究的总结,强调了面向我国流域特色的本地化模型改进、服务河长制精细监管的大尺度精细化模拟、以及模型与大数据统计及人工智能耦合的互馈集合模拟等后续研究是需要重点关注的发展动向。Non-point source(NPS)pollution has become a major threat to watershed environment and security in recent decades.The occurrence and transport of NPS pollution include several dynamic processes which are characterized by randomness,complexity,uncertainty,etc.Existing monitoring network is not sufficient to accurately evaluate the contribution of NPS pollution and understand the underlying mechanisms.Efficient and sound assessment tools are needed to facilitate preventing and controlling NPS pollution.Nowadays many watershed models become increasingly popular to simulate,predict,and analyze NPS pollution processes and assist in decision makings for integrated watershed management.HSPF(Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN)is one of the most comprehensive and flexible NPS models around the world.It has been developed and maintained mainly by the U.S.Environment Protection Agency and is highly recommended in flood-control planning and operations,water quality planning and management,conservation practices evaluation,etc.The HSPF model conceptualizes a watershed system into surface,soil,and stream segments to simulate the continuous,storm event,or steady-state behavior of both hydrologic and water quality processes in natural or manmade water systems.The model has proven its ability to be used with reasonable accuracy in diverse hydrologic regimes,which leads to its broad application worldwide.The research and practice of the HSPF model applied to watersheds in China have expanded rapidly in recent years,but the model is also facing challenges in terms of localization for model theory and parameters,refinement during the model setup process,and uncertainty embedded in the simulated results.Therefore,this paper focused on the research progress of the HSPF model in NPS pollution modeling and control by reviewing existing relative papers.The conceptualization principles of the HSPF model to simulate NPS pollution was first described.This was followed by extensive reviews of the modeling methods and application in chang

关 键 词：非点源 流域水文模型 流域水文模型(HSPF) HSP~2 气候变化 不确定性 最佳管理措施 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52