重庆市儿童青少年广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)调查及其影响因素研究  

Investigation and analysis of the influencing factors on anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents in Chongqing city through Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD-7)

作　　者：苏雯靓 罗丽霞 晏妮 张雨晨 蒋国庆[1] 袁刚[1] SU Wenjing;LUO Lixia;YAN Ni(Chongqing Mental Health Center,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市精神卫生中心,重庆市401147

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2022年第2期158-162,共5页Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：“我为群众办实事”市级层面重点民生项目(编号:渝府办发[2021]6号-11);健康中国重庆行动2021年重庆市儿童青少年心理健康促进项目(编号:渝卫发[2020]50号)。

摘　　要：目的 了解重庆市儿童青少年焦虑症状检出率,并分析其影响因素。方法 随机对重庆市10 837名儿童青少年进行网络问卷调查,包含广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、心理健康核心知识知晓率调查问卷和一般资料调查表,并分析其影响因素。结果 儿童青少年焦虑检出率11.3%。不同性别、民族、学段、父母文化程度、父母关系、家庭经济、性格特征、家族中精神病史、医保保障、与父母同住情况、健康知识总达标情况焦虑检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。回归分析结果显示,女生、高年级、父母关系不融洽、医保保障不全是焦虑情绪的危险因素(P<0.05)。外向性性格、慢性子性格、家族中无精神病史、心理健康核心知识知晓率达标则是焦虑情绪的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 儿童青少年的焦虑情绪较常见,受到自身、家庭等多重因素影响,需了解儿童青少年焦虑情绪影响因素,以早期预防及时干预。Objective To explore the incidence rate of anxiety symptoms among children and adolescents in Chongqing city and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 10 837 children and adolescents in Chongqing city were randomly selected and assessed with Internet questionnaire, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD-7),mental health core knowledge awareness questionnaire and general information questionnaire, to analyze its influencing factors.Results The detection rate of anxiety in children and adolescents was 11.3%. There were significant differences in the detection rates of anxiety among children and adolescents with different genders, nationalities, school stages, parents’ educational levels, parents’ relationships, family incomes, personality characteristics, family histories of mental disorders, total standards of health knowledge, and whether having medical insurance, living with parents or not(P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that girls, higher grades, poor parental relationships and incomplete medical insurance security were risk factors for anxiety(P<0.05);extroverted personality, slowcoach, negative family histories of mental disorders, and mental health core knowledge awareness rate reaching the standard were protective factors for anxiety(P<0.05).Conclusion The anxiety of children and adolescents is relatively common, which is affected by multiple factors such as themselves and families. It is necessary to understand the influencing factors of anxiety in children and adolescents for early prevention and timely intervention.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 焦虑 现况调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]